Table 3.
Baseline medications
| COVID-19 clinical severity* at hospitalization |
||
|---|---|---|
| Mild (n = 376) | Moderate (n = 283) | |
| Medication use at hospital admission | ||
| ARB | 316/376 (84.0%) | 233/283 (82.3%) |
| ACEI | 60/376 (16.0%) | 50/283 (17.7%) |
| Diuretics† | 117/376 (31.1%) | 89/283 (31.4%) |
| Statin | 75/376 (19.9%) | 64/283 (22.6%) |
| Calcium channel blocker | 67/376 (17.8%) | 54/283 (19.1%) |
| β-Blocker | 47/376 (12.5%) | 49/283 (17.3%) |
| Antiplatelet‡ | 35/376 (9.3%) | 31/283 (11.0%) |
| Insulin | 12/376 (3.2%) | 15/283 (5.3%) |
| Oral anticoagulants§ | 12/376 (3.2%) | 6/283 (2.1%) |
| Concomitant therapy | ||
| Azithromycin | 339/376 (90.2%) | 258/283 (91.2%) |
| Anticoagulation|| | 223/376 (59.3%) | 217/283 (76.7%) |
| Antiviral¶ | 153/376 (40.7%) | 124/283 (43.8%) |
| Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine | 60/376 (16.0%) | 70/283 (24.7%) |
| Tocilizumab | 10/376 (2.7%) | 14/283 (4.9%) |
| Corticosteroid# | 153/376 (40.7%) | 173/283 (61.1%) |
| Any antibiotics | 365/376 (97.1%) | 277/283 (97.9%) |
Data presented as no./No. (%).
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019.
Mild defined as blood oxygen saturation ≥94% and lung infiltrates ≤50%. Moderate defined as blood oxygen saturation <94%, or lung infiltrates >50%, or ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to fraction of inspired oxygen <300; and severe, invasive mechanical ventilation or hemodynamic instability or multiple organ dysfunction or failure.
Furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, or spironolactone.
Aspirin, clopidogrel, or ticagrelor.
Warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran, or edoxaban.
Enoxaparin, unfractioned heparin, warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran, or edoxaban. The differentiation between therapeutic and prophylactic anticoagulation was based on the dose.
Oseltamivir, ribavirin, or lopinavir-ritonavir.
Prednisone, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, or methylprednisolone.