Table 2.
Subjective sleep quality, mental health, and mood state before and during the ingestion period.
| Ingestion period (weeks) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | ||
| PSQI | Placebo | 4.0 ± 1.8 | 4.0 ± 2.1 | 4.3 ± 2.0 | 3.8 ± 2.2 | 3.8 ± 2.0 |
| YRC3780 | 4.4 ± 1.6 | 4.0 ± 1.8 | 4.2 ± 1.5 | 3.3 ± 1.6 | 3.5 ± 1.2 | |
| P value | 0.613 | 0.953 | 0.917 | 0.815 | 0.881 | |
| AIS | Placebo | 4.3 ± 2.4 | 4.4 ± 2.5 | 4.2 ± 2.8 | 3.8 ± 2.0 | 4.1 ± 2.6 |
| YRC3780 | 3.8 ± 2.4 | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 3.8 ± 2.6 | 2.1 ± 1.1a | 2.6 ± 1.5 | |
| P value | 0.604 | 0.759 | 0.771 | 0.031 | 0.134 | |
| GHQ-28 | Placebo | 4.3 ± 3.2 | 3.1 ± 2.6 | 3.7 ± 3.5 | 3.1 ± 4.2 | 3.5 ± 4.0 |
| YRC3780 | 3.7 ± 3.2 | 2.7 ± 2.6 | 3.2 ± 3.6 | 2.5 ± 1.7 | 1.4 ± 1.4a | |
| P value | 0.460 | 0.617 | 0.503 | 0.538 | 0.038 | |
| POMS 2 TMD | Placebo | 46.3 ± 5.1 | 46.3 ± 9.4 | 43.2 ± 7.7 | 44.4 ± 10.3 | 43.1 ± 6.5 |
| YRC3780 | 48.3 ± 7.8 | 45.4 ± 3.6 | 44.5 ± 5.9 | 43.0 ± 6.1 | 42.6 ± 4.2 | |
| P value | 0.573 | 0.622 | 0.330 | 0.952 | 0.972 | |
Values are means ± SD (n = 12–14). The p values in columns represent comparisons between YRC3780 and placebo by the Mann–Whitney U test.
PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, AIS Athens Insomnia Scale, GHQ-28 General Health Questionnaire, POMS 2 TMD Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition, Total Mood Disturbance subscale.
The p values represent comparisons between YRC3780 and placebo by Mann-Whitney U test.
ap < 0.05 vs. placebo.