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. 2022 Apr 8;13:1928. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29562-4

Fig. 4. Cyclic mechanical strain inhibits viral infection in alveolus chip.

Fig. 4

a Immunostaining of influenza virus NP (red) in alveolus chips that are cultured under static conditions (Static) or under 5% and 0.25 Hz cyclic mechanical strains (Strain) for 48 h and then infected with HK/68 (H3N2) (MOI = 1) for another 48 h (blue, DAPI-stained nuclei; scale bar, 50 µm). b Graph showing fold changes in RNA levels of influenza virus NP in the epithelium within alveolus chips from a as measured by qPCR. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 4 biological chip replicates; unpaired two-tailed t-test. c Images (left) and graph (right) showing plaque titers of virus in the apical washes of alveolus chips from a. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 4 biological chip replicates; unpaired two-tailed t-test. d Graphs showing cytokine production in the vascular effluents of alveolus chips from a at 48 hpi. Data represent mean ± SD; n = 4 biological chip replicates; unpaired two-tailed t-test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.