Table 1.
Characteristics of studies that were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.
| Author (year) | Country | Study design | Number and sex (F/M) | BMI (Kg/cm2) | Genotypes frequencies | Mean age (years) | Notes about participants | Ethnicity | Method of genotype measured |
Reported data | Hardy–Weinberg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bayoumy et al.11 | Egypt | Case–control, case assessment included | 33 F/67 M | 33.40 ± 3.20 |
GG: 5 AG: 70 AA: 25 |
GG: 45.00 AG: 44.00 AA: 47.00 |
Metabolic syndrome | Arabs | Real-time PCR | WC, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, SBP, DBP | Equilibrium |
| Boghdady et al.8 | Egypt | Case–control, case assessment included | 16 F/31 M | 29.40 ± 3.40 |
GG: 9 AG: 30 AA: 8 |
GG: 54.80 AG: 53.80 AA: 54.60 |
Coronary artery disease (CAD) | African Americans | Real-time PCR | BMI, WC, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | NM |
| Dalton et al.13 | UK | Cross-sectional | 85 F&M |
GG: 23.51 ± 4.18 AG: 25.02 ± 4.30 AA: 24.31 ± 3.69 |
GG: 28 AG: 39 AA: 18 |
26.10 | Individuals susceptible to overeating | Caucasian | Sequenom Mass Array system | BMI | Equilibrium |
| Dawczynski et al.14 | Germany | Clinical trial, baseline assessment included | 45 F&M | 26.31 ± 3.77 |
GG: 8 AG: 24 AA: 13 |
60.00 | Mildly hypertriacylglycerolemia | NM | Sequencing | TG, HDL-C | NM |
| Fujii et al.15 | Japan | Cross-sectional | 267 F/228 M |
GG: 23.60 ± 3.40 AG: 23.70 ± 3.40 AA: 23.40 ± 2.80 |
GG: 268 AG: 190 AA: 37 |
GG: 62.90 AG: 64.00 AA: 64.90 |
Community-dwelling individuals (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity) | Asians | PCR-CTPP | BMI, WC, TG, HDL-C, SBP, DBP, FBG | Equilibrium |
| Ma et al.16 | USA/ Italy | Cross-sectional | 328 F/214 M | 30.67 ± 5.54 |
GG: 115 AG: 273 AA: 154 |
GG: 35.00 AG: 36.00 AA: 38.00 |
Healthy individuals of Caucasian origin | Caucasian | AcycloPrime-FP SNP Detection System | TC, TG, HDL-C, SBP, DBP, FBG | Equilibrium |
| Madden et al.17 | UK | Clinical trial, baseline assessment included | 108 M |
GG: 27.54 ± 4.20 AG: 27.75 ± 3.91 AA:26.90 ± 4.02 |
GG: 27 AG: 51 AA: 30 |
GG: 57.00 AG: 55.80 AA: 54.00 |
Healthy middle-aged men | Caucasian | Real-Time PCR | BMI, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBG | NM |
| Melis et al.18 | Italy | Case–control | 37 F/25 M | 28.56 ± 7.52 |
Case GG: 16/ AG: 31/ AA: 15 |
NM | Healthy obesity | Caucasian | PCR–RFLP | BMI | NM |
| 43 F/21 M |
Control GG: 18/ AG: 39/ AA:7 |
Healthy normal weight | |||||||||
| Momeni-Moghaddam et al.19 | Iran | Case–control | 25 F&27 M |
GG: 25.54 ± 5.26 AG: 25.35 ± 4.88 AA: 24.10 ± 4.35 |
Case GG: 6/ AG: 40/ AA: 6 |
GG: 55.50 AG: 54.90 AA: 52.50 |
HTN without CAD | Asians | PCR–RFLP | BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, SBP, DBP, FBG | Disequilibrium |
| 13 F&44 M |
Case GG: 17/ AG: 38/ AA: 2 |
GG: 57.47 AG: 56.43 AA: 50.00 |
CAD&HTN | Disequilibrium | |||||||
| 11 F&54 M |
Case GG: 12/ AG: 45/ AA: 8 |
GG: 56.18 AG: 56.69 AA: 54.13 |
CAD | Disequilibrium | |||||||
| 26 F&39 M |
Control GG: 26/ AG: 30/ AA: 9 |
GG: 52.65 AG: 55.93 AA: 50.71 |
Coronary angiography (without HTN and CAD) | Equilibrium | |||||||
| Mrizak et al.20 | Tunisia | Cross-sectional | 203 F | 34.60 ± 4.20 | GG: 42/ AG: 102/ AA: 59 | 38–43 | Healthy obesity women | African | PCR–RFLP | TC, LDL-C | NM |
| Ramos-Lopez et al.21 | Mexico | Cross-sectional | 157 F/75 | 21.66 ± 2.26 |
GG: 46 AG: 104 AA: 82 |
18–25 | Healthy normal-weight | Admixed population | PCR–RFLP | TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | Equilibrium |
| Ramos-Lopez et al.22 | Mexico | Cross-sectional | 40 F/33 M |
GG: 24.40 ± 3.10 AG: 24.90 ± 4.20 AA: 26.60 ± 4.10 |
GG: 11 AG: 40 AA: 22 |
GG: 53.70 AG: 51.40 AA: 48.10 |
Chronic hepatitis C virus infection | Amerindian, Caucasian and African | Real-Time PCR | BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBG | Equilibrium |
| Shen et al.23 | UK | Cross-sectional | 95 F/41 M | 22.9 ± 3.96 |
GG: 37 AG: 66 AA: 33 |
18–55 | Healthy adults | Caucasian, African, West Asian and East Asian | Fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay (Taq-Man) | BMI | NM |
| Solakivi et al.24 | Finland | Case–control |
736 F&M (Case: 314 + Control: 422) |
Case: 28.80 ± 5.20 Control: 25.50 ± 3.60 |
GG: 158 AG: 376 AA: 202 |
50.00 | Hypertension & non-hypertensive healthy subjects | Caucasian | Competitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) technique | BMI, TC, SBP, DBP, FBG | Equilibrium |
| Yang et al.27 | China | Case–control, case assessment included | 209 F | 21.95 ± 2.76 |
GG: 88 AG: 99 AA: 22 |
32.99 | Healthy women with GDMa | Asians | Taq-man allelic discrimination assay | BMI | Equilibrium |
| Yuan et al.**25 | China | Case–control, case assessment included | 42 F/70 M |
GG: 23.80 ± 2.70 AG: 24.40 ± 3.20 AA: 23.50 ± 2.60 |
GG: 41 AG: 49 AA: 22 |
57.10 | T2DM | Asians | PCR–RFLP | BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, DBP, FBG | Equilibrium |
| Zhang et al.7 | China | Case–control, case assessment included | 43 F/69 M | 23.78 ± 2.85 |
GG: 43 AG: 60 AA: 9 |
64.04 | Coronary artery heart disease | Asians | PCR–RFLP | BMI, TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C | Equilibrium |
| Zhang et al.26 | China | Case–control |
1359 F&M (Case: 367 + Control: 992) |
Case: 25.52 ± 3.42 Control: 25.29 ± 3.48 |
GG: 543 AG: 631 AA: 185 |
75.73 | Atherothrombotic stroke & without stroke | Asians | ligase detection reaction (LDR) probe sequences | TC, HDL-C, LDL-C | Equilibrium |
F female, M male, NM HNW, Healthy normal weight, HO Healthy obesity, not mention, HTN hypertension, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, GDM gestational diabetes mellitus, PCR polymerase chain reaction, PCR-CTPP Polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers, PCR–RFLP polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, BMI body mass index, WC waist circumference, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, HDL-C high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, FBG fasting blood glucose.
aBMI was calculated before gestation.
bInsufficient data to calculate changes in SBP.