Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Parameters | Number of study (%) |
|---|---|
| Publication years | |
| 1991–2000 | 8 (18.6%) |
| 2001–2010 | 9 (20.9%) |
| 2011–2021 | 26 (60.5%) |
| Study locations | |
| Africa | 27 (62.8%) |
| Asia | 9 (20.9%) |
| America | 5 (11.6%) |
| Europe | 2 (4.65%) |
| Study designs | |
| Prospective observational studies | 19 (44.2%) |
| Cross-sectional studies | 16 (37.2%) |
| Case control studies | 6 (14%) |
| Randomized control trials | 2 (4.6%) |
| Plasmodium species | |
| P. falciparum | 32 (74.4%) |
| P. vivax | 4 (9.3%) |
| P. falciparum/P. vivax | 3 (6.98%) |
| P. falciparum/P. knowlesi | 1 (2.3%) |
| P. falciparum/P. vivax/P. ovale | 1 (2.3%) |
| P. falciparum/P. vivax/Mixed infection | 1 (2.3%) |
| P. falciparum/P. vivax/P. ovale/P. malariae | 1 (2.3%) |
| Age groups | |
| Children | 20 (46.5%) |
| Adults | 16 (37.2%) |
| All age groups | 6 (14%) |
| Not specified | 1 (2.3%) |
| Malaria detection | |
| Microscopy | 31 (72.1%) |
| Microscopy/PCR | 5 (11.6%) |
| Microscopy/RDT | 5 (11.6%) |
| Microscopy/RDT/PCR | 2 (4.65%) |
| IL-6 measurement | |
| ELISA | 30 (69.8%) |
| Bead-based assay | 13 (30.2%) |
IL-6 interleukin-6, ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.