Skip to main content
. 2022 Apr 8;5(4):e223842. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3842

Table 1. Characteristics of 1991-2000 Birth Cohort (N = 908 064).

Characteristic No. (column %)
All (N = 908 064) No parental death before finishing school (n = 885 430) Parental death before finishing school (n = 22 634)
Mean qualification point, mean (SD) 213.8 (62.7) 214.3 (62.4) 193.8 (71.0)
Year of birth
1991-1995 515 784 (56.8) 502 586 (56.8) 13 198 (58.3)
1996-2000 392 280 (43.2) 382 844 (43.2) 9436 (41.7)
Sex
Girl 443 608 (48.9) 432 527 (48.8) 11 081 (49.0)
Boy 464 456 (51.1) 452 903 (51.2) 11 553 (51.0)
Birth order
First born 368 231 (40.6) 360 410 (40.7) 7806 (34.5)
Second or third born 479 665 (52.8) 467 747 (52.8) 11 924 (52.7)
Fourth or higher 60 168 (6.6) 57 273 (6.5) 2904 (12.8)
Maternal educational level (in the year before birth)
Basic 162 813 (17.9) 156 707 (17.7) 6106 (27.0)
Upper secondary 341 542 (37.6) 333 041 (37.6) 8501 (37.6)
Tertiary 403 709 (44.5) 395 682 (44.7) 8027 (35.5)
Paternal educational level (in the year before birth)
Basic 184 762 (20.3) 177 950 (20.1) 6812 (30.1)
Upper secondary 370 021 (40.7) 361 219 (40.8) 8802 (38.9)
Tertiary 353 281 (38.9) 346 261 (39.1) 7020 (31.0)
Parental country of birth
Both Swedish born 735 174 (81.0) 718 184 (81.1) 16 990 (75.1)
Born outside Sweden
Mother 42 449 (4.7) 40 937 (4.6) 1512 (6.7)
Father 47 424 (5.2) 45 794 (5.2) 1630 (7.2)
Both 83 017 (9.1) 80 515 (9.1) 2502 (11.1)
Disposable family income per person (mother in the year before birth)
Highest quintile 181 410 (20) 177 816 (20.1) 3594 (15.9)
Second 180 676 (19.9) 176 977 (20.0) 3699 (16.3)
Third 179 827 (19.8) 175 785 (19.9) 4042 (17.9)
Fourth 177 812 (19.6) 172 938 (19.5) 4874 (21.5)
Lowest quintile 188 339 (20.7) 181 914 (20.5) 6425 (28.4)
Maternal total No. of days in hospital in the year before birth
0 794 181 (87.5) 775 140 (87.5) 19 041 (84.1)
≤1 wk 88 314 (9.7) 85 747 (9.7) 2567 (11.3)
>1 wk and ≤1 mo 21 874 (2.4) 21 031 (2.4) 843 (3.7)
>1 mo 3695 (0.4) 3512 (0.4) 183 (0.8)
Paternal total No. of days in hospital in the year before birth
0 871 059 (95.9) 850 421 (96.0) 20 638 (91.2)
≤1 wk 31 019 (3.4) 29 694 (3.4) 1325 (5.9)
>1 wk and ≤1 mo 5204 (0.6) 4691 (0.5) 513 (2.3)
>1 mo 782 (0.1) 624 (0.1) 158 (0.7)