Table 1. Select Baseline Characteristics of Patients Included in the Study Cohort After 1:1 Propensity Score Matching, Medicare Data 2007-2017.
| Characteristic | Patients, No (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tofacitinib (n = 4224) | Abatacept (n = 4224) | Standardized difference | Tocilizumab (n = 6369) | Abatacept (n = 6369) | Standardized difference | TNF inhibitors (n = 11 976) | Abatacept (n = 11 976) | Standardized difference | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 72.18 (5.70) | 72.19 (5.59) | 0 | 72.05 (5.53) | 71.99 (5.38) | 0.01 | 72.68 (5.90) | 72.67 (5.92) | 0 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Women | 3473 (82.2) | 3472 (82.2) | 0 | 5036 (79.1) | 5069 (79.6) | −0.01 | 9870 (82.4) | 9840 (82.2) | 0.01 |
| Men | 751 (17.8) | 752 (17.8) | 0 | 1333 (20.9) | 1300 (20.4) | 0.01 | 2106 (17.6) | 2136 (17.8) | −0.01 |
| Race | |||||||||
| American Indian | 27 (0.6) | 28 (0.7) | −0.01 | 32 (0.5) | 35 (0.5) | 0 | 38 (0.3) | 44 (0.4) | −0.02 |
| Asian | 92 (2.2) | 97 (2.3) | −0.01 | 64 (1.0) | 65 (1.0) | 0 | 142 (1.2) | 154 (1.3) | −0.01 |
| Black | 442 (10.5) | 434 (10.3) | 0.01 | 371 (5.8) | 365 (5.7) | 0 | 813 (6.8) | 791 (6.6) | 0.01 |
| Hispanic | 132 (3.1) | 137 (3.2) | −0.01 | 148 (2.3) | 148 (2.3) | 0 | 349 (2.9) | 344 (2.9) | 0 |
| White | 3408 (80.7) | 3401 (80.5) | 0.01 | 5624 (88.3) | 5627 (88.3) | 0 | 10 413 (86.9) | 10 414 (87.0) | 0 |
| Unknown | 41 (1.0) | 37 (0.9) | 0.01 | 41 (0.6) | 39 (0.6) | 0 | 45 (0.4) | 55 (0.5) | −0.01 |
| Othera | 82 (1.9) | 90 (2.1) | −0.01 | 89 (1.4) | 90 (1.4) | 0 | 176 (1.5) | 174 (1.5) | 0 |
| Low income subsidy | 1396 (33.0) | 1383 (32.7) | 0.01 | 966 (15.2) | 974 (15.3) | 0 | 2080 (17.4) | 2103 (17.6) | −0.01 |
| Dementia risk factors | |||||||||
| Diabetes | 1338 (31.7) | 1329 (31.5) | 0 | 1886 (29.6) | 1859 (29.2) | 0.01 | 3884 (32.4) | 3857 (32.2) | 0 |
| Obesity | 808 (19.1) | 812 (19.2) | 0 | 1102 (17.3) | 1084 (17.0) | 0.01 | 1720 (14.4) | 1685 (14.1) | 0.01 |
| Hypertension | 3269 (77.4) | 3276 (77.6) | 0 | 4843 (76.0) | 4833 (75.9) | 0 | 9357 (78.1) | 9358 (78.1) | 0 |
| CAD | 1111 (26.3) | 1138 (26.9) | −0.01 | 1680 (26.4) | 1632 (25.6) | 0.02 | 3447 (28.8) | 3479 (29.0) | 0 |
| Depression | 876 (20.7) | 855 (20.2) | 0.01 | 1256 (19.7) | 1286 (20.2) | −0.01 | 2336 (19.5) | 2306 (19.3) | 0.01 |
| Anxiety | 717 (17.0) | 706 (16.7) | 0.01 | 900 (14.1) | 913 (14.3) | −0.01 | 1541 (12.9) | 1556 (13.0) | 0 |
| Bipolar disorder | 44 (1.0) | 53 (1.3) | −0.03 | 72 (1.1) | 75 (1.2) | −0.01 | 98 (0.8) | 107 (0.9) | −0.01 |
| Schizophrenia | <11b | 12 (0.3) | −0.02 | <11b | <11b | 0 | 15 (0.1) | 16 (0.1) | 0 |
| Smoker | 1116 (26.4) | 1130 (26.8) | −0.01 | 1491 (23.4) | 1478 (23.2) | 0 | 2188 (18.3) | 2206 (18.4) | 0 |
| Past 1 y | |||||||||
| Mammography | 1415 (33.5) | 1390 (32.9) | 0.01 | 2185 (34.3) | 2204 (34.6) | −0.01 | 3875 (32.4) | 3887 (32.5) | 0 |
| Colonoscopy | 434 (10.3) | 412 (9.8) | 0.02 | 841 (13.2) | 837 (13.1) | 0 | 1513 (12.6) | 1519 (12.7) | 0 |
| Fecal occult blood test | 367 (8.7) | 369 (8.7) | 0 | 597 (9.4) | 615 (9.7) | −0.01 | 1171 (9.8) | 1177 (9.8) | 0 |
| Influenza vaccination | 2791 (66.1) | 2772 (65.6) | 0.01 | 4412 (69.3) | 4454 (69.9) | −0.01 | 8092 (67.6) | 8120 (67.8) | 0 |
| RA-related factors | |||||||||
| Targeted DMARDs, No. | |||||||||
| 0 | 1454 (34.4) | 1417 (33.5) | 0.02 | 1726 (27.1) | 1686 (26.5) | 0.01 | 8791 (73.4) | 8776 (73.3) | 0 |
| 1 | 1513 (35.8) | 1514 (35.8) | 0 | 3007 (47.2) | 3027 (47.5) | −0.01 | 2148 (17.9) | 2130 (17.8) | 0 |
| 2 | 866 (20.5) | 873 (20.7) | 0 | 1211 (19.0) | 1245 (19.5) | −0.01 | 749 (6.3) | 779 (6.5) | −0.01 |
| ≥3 | 391 (9.3) | 420 (9.9) | −0.02 | 425 (6.7) | 411 (6.5) | 0.01 | 288 (2.4) | 291 (2.4) | 0 |
| Nonbiologic DMARDs, No. | |||||||||
| 0 | 396 (9.4) | 416 (9.8) | −0.01 | 642 (10.1) | 622 (9.8) | 0.01 | 1079 (9.0) | 1055 (8.8) | 0.01 |
| 1 | 1542 (36.5) | 1494 (35.4) | 0.02 | 2657 (41.7) | 2678 (42.0) | −0.01 | 4723 (39.4) | 4624 (38.6) | 0.02 |
| 2 | 1312 (31.1) | 1311 (31.0) | 0 | 1875 (29.4) | 1885 (29.6) | 0 | 3679 (30.7) | 3800 (31.7) | −0.02 |
| ≥3 | 974 (23.1) | 1003 (23.7) | −0.01 | 1195 (18.8) | 1184 (18.6) | 0.01 | 2495 (20.8) | 2497 (20.9) | 0 |
| Opioids | 2870 (67.9) | 2877 (68.1) | 0 | 4544 (71.3) | 4502 (70.7) | 0.01 | 8799 (73.5) | 8742 (73.0) | 0.01 |
| Glucocorticoids | 3127 (74.0) | 3099 (73.4) | 0.01 | 4913 (77.1) | 4877 (76.6) | 0.01 | 8880 (74.1) | 8943 (74.7) | −0.01 |
| Comorbid conditions | |||||||||
| AF | 451 (10.7) | 435 (10.3) | 0.01 | 741 (11.6) | 720 (11.3) | 0.01 | 1514 (12.6) | 1528 (12.8) | −0.01 |
| Heart failure | 522 (12.4) | 526 (12.5) | 0 | 748 (11.7) | 697 (10.9) | 0.03 | 1748 (14.6) | 1696 (14.2) | 0.01 |
| Stroke or TIA | 343 (8.1) | 343 (8.1) | 0 | 600 (9.4) | 599 (9.4) | 0 | 1098 (9.2) | 1086 (9.1) | 0 |
| PVD | 542 (12.8) | 537 (12.7) | 0 | 715 (11.2) | 696 (10.9) | 0.01 | 1589 (13.3) | 1578 (13.2) | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 2824 (66.9) | 2834 (67.1) | 0 | 4390 (68.9) | 4344 (68.2) | 0.02 | 8165 (68.2) | 8199 (68.5) | −0.01 |
| Kidney dysfunction | 721 (17.1) | 723 (17.1) | 0 | 1044 (16.4) | 1034 (16.2) | 0.01 | 1972 (16.5) | 1986 (16.6) | 0 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; DMARD, disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services data do not provide data on who is included in the other race category.
b
Numbers fewer than 11 are suppressed according to data use agreement with the Centers for Medicare and Medicare Services.