Table 3.
Average healthcare utilization and costs (PPPM) during follow-up period
| Period from index date to the end of F/U, among patients who initiated LAI after index date (N = 2222) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| From index date to LAI initiation | From LAI initiation to end of F/U | P value | |
| All-cause HCRU and costs | |||
| Inpatient admission | |||
| Number of admissions | 0.231 | 0.119 | < 0.0001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 2.694 | 1.092 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 3562.78 | 1491.25 | < 0.0001 |
| ER visit | |||
| Number of visits | 0.090 | 0.102 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 169.66 | 184.93 | 0.0002 |
| Other visit (e.g., Outpatient, SNF, OOV) | |||
| Number of visits | 4.459 | 4.687 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 854.41 | 858.55 | < 0.0001 |
| Prescription medications | |||
| Number of prescriptions | 2.044 | 2.345 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 310.94 | 542.19 | < 0.0001 |
| All-cause total medical costs (without medications) | 4586.85 | 2534.73 | < 0.0001 |
| All-cause total costs | 4897.79 | 3077.92 | < 0.0001 |
| Mental health-related HCRU and costs | |||
| Inpatient admission | |||
| Number of admissions | 0.201 | 0.098 | < 0.0001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 2.600 | 1.060 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 2582.16 | 1001.24 | < 0.0001 |
| ER visit | |||
| Number of visits | 0.050 | 0.049 | 0.7425 |
| Costs | 75.48 | 78.07 | 0.7465 |
| Other visit (e.g., Outpatient, SNF, OOV)) | |||
| Number of visits | 2.050 | 1.980 | 0.5212 |
| Costs | 485.50 | 458.06 | 0.5635 |
| Prescription medications | |||
| Number of prescriptions | 0.990 | 1.140 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 140.66 | 325.64 | < 0.0001 |
| Total medical costs (without medications) | 3143.14 | 1537.37 | < 0.0001 |
| Total costs | 3283.60 | 1863.01 | < 0.0001 |
| Schizophrenia-related HCRU and costs | |||
| Inpatient admission | |||
| Number of admissions | 0.180 | 0.070 | < 0.0001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 2.576 | 0.954 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 2525.58 | 739.57 | < 0.0001 |
| ER visit | |||
| Number of visits | 0.026 | 0.018 | 0.0045 |
| Costs | 32.47 | 27.82 | 0.3096 |
| Other visit (e.g., Outpatient, SNF, OOV) | |||
| Number of visits | 1.190 | 1.120 | 0.3075 |
| Costs | 261.16 | 209.94 | 0.0577 |
| Prescription medications | |||
| Number of prescriptions | 0.471 | 0.580 | < 0.0001 |
| Costs | 117.91 | 297.55 | < 0.0001 |
| Total medical costs (without medications) | 2819.21 | 977.34 | < 0.0001 |
| Total costs | 2937.12 | 1274.88 | < 0.0001 |
ER emergency room, HCRU healthcare resource utilization, F/U follow-up, LAI long-acting injectable, OOV other office visit, PPPM per patient per month, SNF skilled nursing facility
Rate in PPPM is calculated as “number of events within the specific period” divided by “duration of the specific period in months” for a given patient
PPPM cost is calculated as “total costs within specific period” divided by “duration of specific period in months” for a given patient
SNF and OOV costs are included in the total cost
Healthcare costs are adjusted for inflation using the medical care component of the US Consumer Price Index and reported in 2020 US dollars