Table 1.
Demographic and clinical features of patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) or chronic migraine (CM)
| All Patients | HFEM | CM | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 53 | 17 | 36 | |
| Age, yrs, mean ± SD | 47.7 ± 11.5 | 47.5 ± 11.6 | 47.9 ± 11.6 | ns |
| Females, n (%) | 41 (77.3) | 12 (70.5) | 29 (80.5) | ns |
| BMI, mean ± SD | 24.0 ± 3.6 | 23.6 ± 2.4 | 24.2 ± 4.1 | ns |
| Age at CM onset, mean ± SD | - | 34.0 ± 13.1 | - | |
| Disease duration, yrs, mean ± SD | 29.6 ± 13.9 | 29.1 ± 13.0 | 29.8 ± 14.4 | ns |
| MMDs/MHDs at baseline, mean ± SD | 17.0 ± 6.2 | 10.5 ± 1.8 | 20.0 ± 5.2 | - |
| NRS score, mean ± SD | 8.6 ± 1.1 | 8.5 ± 1.2 | 8.6 ± 1.1 | ns |
| Pain location, n (%) | ||||
| Unilateral | 21 (44.7) | 8 (50) | 13 (41.9) | ns |
| Unilateral, bilateral | 23 (48.9) | 8 (50) | 15 (48.4) | |
| Bilateral | 3 (6.4) | 0 | 3 (9.7) | |
| Pain quality, n (%) | ||||
| Pulsating | 28 (57.1) | 8 (53.3) | 20 (58.8) | ns |
| Pressing/tightening | 12 (24.5) | 3 (20.0) | 9 (26.5) | |
| Other | 9 (18.4) | 4 (26.7) | 5 (14.7) | |
| Unilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, n (%) | 33 (62.2) | 12 (70.5) | 21 (58.3) | ns |
| Allodynia, n (%) | 29 (59.2) | 10 (66.7) | 19 (55.8) | ns |
| Dopaminergic symptoms, n (%) | 30 (61.2) | 10 (66.7) | 20 (58.8) | ns |
| Monthly analgesic intake, mean ± SD | 19.0 ± 16.5 | 11.9 ± 7.1 | 22.4 ± 18.5 | 0.029 |
| MO, n (%) | - | 31 (86.1) | - | |
| Duration of MO, yrs, mean ± SD | - | 24.8 ± 35.0 | - | |
| Triptan responders, n (%) | 34 (64.1) | 12 (70.6) | 22 (61.1) | ns |
| Pts using concomitant prophylaxis, n (%) | 29 (54.7) | 7 (41.1) | 22 (61.1) | ns |
| Tricyclics | 10 (34.5) | 2 (28.5) | 8 (36.4) | |
| Anticonvulsants | 7 (24.1) | 2 (28.5) | 5 (22.7) | |
| Calcium-antagonists | 1 (3.4) | 0 | 1 (4.5) | |
| Serotoninergic antagonists | 5 (17.2) | 0 | 5 (22.7) | |
| Beta-blockers | 9 (31.0) | 2 (28.5) | 7 (31.8) | |
| BoNT/A | 2 (6.9) | 0 | 2 (9.1) | |
| Other | 6 (20.7) | 2 (28.5) | 4 (18.2) | |
| Prior treatment failures, mean ± SD | 4.5 ± 2.3 | 3.9 ± 1.5 | 4.7 ± 2.5 | ns |
| 1–2 | 4 (8.0) | 3 (17.7) | 1 (3.0) | |
| 3–4 | 30 (60.0) | 10 (58.8) | 20 (60.6) | |
| > 4 | 16 (32.0) | 4 (23.5) | 12 (36.4) | |
| BoNT/A respondersa, n (%) | 2 (11.1) | 2 (33.3) | 0 | 0.098 |
| Pts with ≥ 1 comorbidity, n (%) | 34 (64.2) | 14 (82.4) | 20 (55.5) | 0.072 |
| Pts with psychiatric comorbidities, n (%) | 10 (19.2) | 3 (18.8) | 7 (19.4) | ns |
| HIT-6 score, mean ± SD | 65.2 ± 17.2 | 68.2 ± 3.4 | 63.7 ± 20.8 | ns |
| MIDAS score, mean ± SD | 89.4 ± 48.9 | 78.9 ± 50.5 | 94.5 ± 48.1 | ns |
| Fremanezumab dosing regimen, n (%) | ||||
| Monthly | 44 (83.0) | 13 (76.5) | 31 (86.1) | ns |
| Quarterly | 9 (17.0) | 4 (23.5) | 5 (13.9) | |
HFEM High frequency episodic migraine, CM Chronic migraine, BMI Body mass index, MMDs Monthly migraine days, MHDs Monthly headache days, NRS Numerical rating scale, MO Medication overuse, BoNT/A Onabotulinum toxin A, HIT-6 Headache Impact Test-6, MIDAS Migraine disability assessment test
aProportion calculated on the 18 subjects who were treated with BoNT/A