Table 4.

Analysis of outcomes by risk of bias within the trials*

Outcome	Overall	Trials with low risk of bias	Trials with moderate or high risk of bias
Neonatal mortality	0.87 (0.75, 1.00), N = 22, n = 2434, I2 = 38%	0.97 (0.80, 1.16), N = 7, n = 1475, I2 = 62%	0.71 (0.55, 0.91), N = 15, n = 959, I2 = 0%
Mortality at 18-24 mo	0.88 (0.78, 1.01), N = 11, n = 2042, I2 = 51%	0.96 (0.83, 1.13), N = 6, n = 1336, I2 = 58%	0.72 (0.56, 0.92), N = 5, n = 706, I2 = 0%
Mortality at 5-10 y of age	0.81 (0.62, 1.04), N = 2, n = 515, I2 = 59%	No trial	0.81 (0.62, 1.04), N = 2, n = 515, I2 = 59%
Neurological disability at 18-24 mo	0.62 (0.52, 0.75), N = 11, n = 1440, I2 = 26%	0.68 (0.54, 0.85), N = 6, n = 941, I2 = 24%	0.52 (0.38, 0.73), N = 5, n = 499, I2 = 28%
Neurological disability at 5-10 y of age	0.68 (0.52, 0.90), N = 3, n = 442, I2 = 3%	No trial	0.68 (0.52, 0.90), N = 3, n = 442, I2 = 3%
Mortality or disability at 18-24 mo	0.78 (0.72, 0.86), N = 10, n = 1914, I2 = 54%	0.86 (0.77, 0.95), N = 6, n = 1322, I2 = 43%	0.63 (0.53, 0.75), N = 4, n = 592, I2 = 0%
Cerebral palsy at 18-24 mo	0.63 (0.50, 0.78), N = 8, n = 1136, I2 = 39%.	0.68 (0.52, 0.90), N = 3, n = 622, I2 = 0%	0.55 (0.38, 0.79), N = 5, n = 514, I2 = 53%
Cerebral palsy at 5-10 y of age	0.63 (0.46, 0.85), N = 3, n = 449, I2 = 0%	No trial	0.63 (0.46, 0.85), N = 3, n = 449, I2= 0%
Neonatal seizures	1.02 (0.95, 1.09), N = 10, n = 1094, I2 = 17%	0.99 (0.94, 1.05), N = 2, n = 638, I2 = 0%	1.11 (0.89, 1.38), N = 8, n = 456, I2 = 30%
Seizures at 18-24 mo (infantile epilepsy)	0.87 (0.55, 1.37), N = 4, n = 710, I2 = 36%	0.73 (0.45, 1.17). N = 3, n = 615, I2 = 0%	11.23 (0.64, 197.57), N = 1, n = 95
Seizures at 5-10 y of age (childhood epilepsy)	0.65 (0.25, 1.68), N = 1, n = 117	No trial	0.65 (0.25, 1.68), N = 1, n = 117

mo – months, y – years

*All data are presented as risk ratios (RR) with 95% CI. ‘N’ represents the number of trials, and ‘n’ represents the number of participants.