Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients in the Training and Validation Cohorts
| Characteristic | Training Cohort, N (%) | Validation Cohort, N (%) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patients | 81 (79.4) | 21 (20.6) | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 71 (87.7) | 20 (95.2) | 0.318 |
| Female | 10 (12.3) | 1 (4.8) | |
| Age, year (mean ± Sd) | 54.78 ± 11.43 | 55.29 ± 10.85 | 0.855 |
| Etiology | |||
| HBV | 10 (12.3) | 7 (33.3) | 0.021 |
| Non-HBV | 71 (87.7) | 14 (66.7) | |
| BCLC‐Stage | |||
| B | 47 (58.0) | 11 (52.4) | 0.642 |
| C | 34 (42.0) | 10 (47.6) | |
| Child‐Pugh class | |||
| A | 63 (77.8) | 13 (61.9) | 0.137 |
| B/C | 18 (22.2) | 8 (38.1) | |
| Longest diameter, mm (median, IQR) | 81.96 (43.35, 111.22) | 73.64 (41.23, 103.90) | 0.585 |
| Tumor number | |||
| 1 | 36 (44.4) | 10 (47.6) | 0.794 |
| ≥ 2 | 45 (55.6) | 11 (52.4) | |
| Pre‐vascularization15 | |||
| Type-1 | 9 (11.1) | 2 (9.5) | 0.973 |
| Type-2 | 6 (7.4) | 2 (9.5) | |
| Type-3 | 26 (32.1) | 6 (28.6) | |
| Type-4 | 40 (49.4) | 11 (52.4) | |
| Pre‐pseudocapsule | |||
| Complete | 46 (56.8) | 12 (57.1) | 0.977 |
| Incomplete | 35 (43.2) | 9 (42.9) | |
| Pre‐cirrhosis (CT)37 | |||
| I/II | 67 (82.7) | 17 (81.0) | 0.850 |
| III/IV | 14 (17.3) | 4 (19.0) | |
| Pre‐thrombus | |||
| Absent | 48 (49.3) | 11 (52.4) | 0.569 |
| Present | 33 (40.7) | 10 (47.6) | |
| Pre‐AFP, ug/L | |||
| ≤ 400 | 40 (49.4) | 11 (52.4) | 0.807 |
| > 400 | 41 (50.6) | 10 (47.6) | |
| Pre‐ALB, g/L | |||
| ≤ 35 | 36 (44.4) | 11 (52.4) | 0.516 |
| > 35 | 45 (55.6) | 10 (47.6) | |
| Pre-ALT, U/L | |||
| ≤ 40 | 43 (53.1) | 7 (33.3) | 0.107 |
| > 40 | 38 (46.9) | 14 (66.7) | |
| Pre‐AST, U/L | |||
| ≤ 37 | 18 (22.2) | 5 (23.8) | 0.877 |
| > 37 | 63 (72.8) | 16 (76.2) | |
| Pos‐ALB, g/L | |||
| ≤ 35 | 36 (44.4) | 9 (42.9) | 0.896 |
| > 35 | 45 (55.6) | 12 (57.1) | |
| Post‐ALT, U/L | |||
| ≤ 40 | 24 (29.6) | 6 (28.6) | 0.924 |
| > 40 | 57 (70.4) | 15 (71.4) | |
| Post‐AST, U/L | |||
| ≤ 37 | 8 (9.9) | 1 (4.8) | 0.461 |
| > 37 | 73 (90.1) | 20 (95.2) | |
| Post‐response | |||
| CR | 9 (11.1) | 1 (4.8) | 0.594 |
| PR | 36 (44.4) | 12 (57.1) | |
| SD | 23 (28.4) | 4 (19.0) | |
| PD | 13 (16.0) | 4 (19.0) |
Abbreviations: AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALB, albumin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CR, complete response; HBV, hepatitis B virus; IQR, interquartile range; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; Sd, standard deviation.