Table 1.

Summary of HTA body reference cases with regards to measurement and valuation of health effects

Measurement and valuation of health effects	HTA body reference cases
	NICE [34]	CADTH [44]	US ICER Group [45]
Instrument with which change in HRQoL should be measured (adult patients)	EQ-5D-3L or EQ-5D-5La	Generic PBM	Generic PBM
Population in which change in HRQoL should be measured	Patients	Patients	Patients
Preferences (tariffs) with which health states should be valued	UK societal preferences	Canadian (or similar) societal preferences	US societal preferences
Preferred method for valuing health states	Choice-based method (SG/TTO)	Not specified	Not specified
Preferred instrument for estimating utilities in paediatric populations	Standardised and validated PBMs of HRQoL designed specifically for use in children	Not specified	Not specified
Preferred instrument for estimating utilities in caregivers	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified

CADTH Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, HRQoL health-related quality of life, HTA health technology assessment, ICER Institute for Clinical and Economic Review, NICE National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, PBM preference-based measure, SG standard gamble, TTO time trade-off

^aWhere data were gathered using the EQ‑5D‑5L descriptive system, utility values in reference case analyses should be calculated by mapping the EQ-5D-5L descriptive system data to the EQ-5D-3L value set using mapping function developed by van Hout et al. [64]. If analyses use data gathered using both EQ‑5D‑3L and EQ‑5D‑5L descriptive systems, the EQ-5D-3L value set should be used to derive all utility values, with EQ-5D-5L mapped to EQ-5D-3L where needed