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. 2022 Apr 9;13:72. doi: 10.1186/s13244-022-01206-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Connection system and pressure measurements. A Straight, Y- and T-shaped tube connectors (white) and the solid 3D printed funnel-shaped connectors in different dimensions. B A set of vascular models with chemically bonded connectors. C Physiological arterial pressure gradients of 110–80 mmHg were established in the 3D printed vascular models using the peristaltic pump. D Intravascular pressure measurements of the adaptable endovascular simulation system in the angiography suite. White arrow: 3D printed vascular model with introduced catheter. White arrowhead: 5-French introducer. Black arrows: Flow direction of the circulatory system