Table 1.

Evaluation model

Evaluation step	Points (0–10)
1. Visibility of the bleeding artery on the CT scan	1 Point (10%)
2. Segmentation	1 Point (10%)
3D printing
3. Main artery printed	1 Point (10%)
4. Procedure-relevant artery printed	1 Point (10%)
Simulation setup
5. Connection established	1 Point (10%)
Catheterization
6. Guidewire advanced to the main artery	1 Point (10%)
7. Stable main catheter position in the main artery	1 Point (10%)
8. Microwire advanced to the bleeding artery	1 Point (10%)
9. Stable microcatheter position in the bleeding artery	1 Point (10%)
Embolization
10. Application of the procedure-related embolic agents	1 Point (10%)
Total	0–10 Points (0-100%)

The technical evaluation model uses a 10-point grading scale to rate the success of each procedural simulation. It involves the main steps of 3D printing, simulation setup, catheterization and embolization