Table 1.
Characteristics of respondents by race and hospitalization status
| Non-Hispanic White (n = 4,420) | Non-Hispanic Black (n = 573) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Hospitalization (n = 978) | No Hospitalization (n = 3,442) | Hospitalization (n = 142) | No Hospitalization (n = 431) | ||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 80.0 | (7.5) | 78.1 | (7.2) | 78.5 | (7.5) | 76.6 | (6.7) |
| Female, n (%) | 544 | (55.6) | 2083 | (60.5) | 83 | (58.5) | 286 | (66.4) |
| Wealth (USDa), median (IQR) | 22.4 | (6.9, 61.0) | 31.9 | (11.4, 78.1) | 3.9 | (0.1, 13.2) | 6.5 | (0.6, 18.9) |
| Education (years), median (IQR) | 12.0 | (12.0, 15.0) | 12.0 | (12.0, 16.0) | 12.0 | (9.0, 12.0) | 12.0 | (10.0, 14.0) |
| Chronic Conditions, n (%)b | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 935 | (95.6) | 2848 | (82.7) | 141 | (99.3) | 393 | (91.2) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 887 | (90.7) | 2820 | (81.9) | 128 | (90.1) | 342 | (79.4) |
| Anemia | 816 | (83.4) | 1895 | (55.1) | 130 | (91.5) | 312 | (72.4) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/osteoarthritis | 796 | (81.4) | 2154 | (62.6) | 105 | (73.9) | 276 | (64.0) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 756 | (77.3) | 1763 | (51.2) | 119 | (83.8) | 239 | (55.5) |
| Heart failure | 557 | (57.0) | 854 | (24.8) | 98 | (69.0) | 151 | (35.0) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 521 | (53.3) | 835 | (24.3) | 94 | (66.2) | 163 | (37.8) |
| Diabetes | 468 | (47.9) | 1164 | (33.8) | 98 | (69.0) | 230 | (53.4) |
| Depression | 503 | (51.4) | 1018 | (29.6) | 58 | (40.8) | 121 | (28.1) |
| COPD | 458 | (46.8) | 857 | (24.9) | 70 | (49.3) | 87 | (20.2) |
| Fibromyalgia/Chronic Pain/Fatigue | 394 | (40.3) | 838 | (24.3) | 46 | (32.4) | 91 | (21.1) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 384 | (39.3) | 573 | (16.6) | 33 | (23.2) | 41 | (9.5) |
| Acquired hypothyroidism | 359 | (36.7) | 1057 | (30.7) | 44 | (31.0) | 76 | (17.6) |
| Alzheimer’s disease/senile dementia | 325 | (33.2) | 514 | (14.9) | 64 | (45.1) | 77 | (17.9) |
| Stroke/transient ischemic attack | 323 | (33.0) | 548 | (15.9) | 56 | (39.4) | 80 | (18.6) |
| Anxiety disorders | 333 | (34.0) | 656 | (19.1) | 30 | (21.1) | 63 | (14.6) |
| Osteoporosis | 318 | (32.5) | 885 | (25.7) | 38 | (26.8) | 77 | (17.9) |
| Cancer | 303 | (31.0) | 656 | (19.1) | 39 | (27.5) | 94 | (21.8) |
| Obesity | 287 | (29.3) | 521 | (15.1) | 51 | (35.9) | 89 | (20.6) |
| Asthma | 226 | (23.1) | 402 | (11.7) | 36 | (25.4) | 69 | (16.0) |
| Pressure and chronic ulcers | 219 | (22.4) | 247 | (7.2) | 30 | (21.1) | 49 | (11.4) |
| Acute myocardial infarction | 156 | (16.0) | 167 | (4.9) | 23 | (16.2) | 14 | (3.2) |
| Mobility impairments | 105 | (10.7) | 111 | (3.2) | 23 | (16.2) | 32 | (7.4) |
aPer 10,000 USD; bConditions shown where frequency for all cells for individual conditions is ≥ 11 (Not shown: drug, alcohol and substance abuse, multiple sclerosis, spinal injury, hip fracture, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, hepatitis, HIV and schizophrenia)
Abbreviations: SD Standard Deviation, USD United States Dollars, IQR Interquartile range, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease