Table 2.
Characteristics of respondents by race/ethnicity and potentially avoidable hospitalization status
| Non-Hispanic White (n = 978) | Non-Hispanic Black (n = 142) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Potentially avoidable Hospitalization (n = 208) | No Potentially avoidable Hospitalization (n = 770) | Potentially avoidable Hospitalization (n = 42) | No Potentially avoidable Hospitalization (n = 100) | |||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 81.1 | (8.00) | 79.7 | (7.32) | 78.9 | (7.62) | 78.3 | (7.5) | |
| Female, n (%) | 123 | (59.1) | 421 | (54.7) | 30 | (71.4) | 53 | (53.0) | |
| Wealth (USDa), median (IQR) | 18.5 | (5.6, 43.5) | 24.2 | (7.0, 63.0) | 0.8 | (0.0, 9.1) | 4.8 | (0.2, 14.3) | |
| Education (years), median (IQR) | 12.0 | (12.0, 14.0) | 12.0 | (12.0, 15.0) | 12.0 | (8.2, 12.0) | 12.0 | (10.0, 13.0) | |
| Chronic Conditions, n (%)b | |||||||||
| Hypertension | 202 | (97.1) | 733 | (95.2) | 42 | (100.0) | 99 | (99.0) | |
| Hyperlipidemia | 190 | (91.3) | 697 | (90.5) | 40 | (95.2) | 88 | (88.0) | |
| Anemia | 185 | (88.9) | 631 | (81.9) | 42 | (100.0) | 88 | (88.0) | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 167 | (80.3) | 589 | (76.5) | 37 | (88.1) | 82 | (82.0) | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/osteoarthritis | 173 | (83.2) | 623 | (80.9) | 30 | (71.4) | 75 | (75.0) | |
| Heart failure | 157 | (75.5) | 400 | (51.9) | 36 | (85.7) | 62 | (62.0) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 141 | (67.8) | 380 | (49.4) | 33 | (78.6) | 61 | (61.0) | |
| COPD | 141 | (67.8) | 317 | (41.2) | 28 | (66.7) | 42 | (42.0) | |
| Diabetes | 111 | (53.4) | 357 | (46.4) | 33 | (78.6) | 65 | (65.0) | |
| Depression | 115 | (55.3) | 388 | (50.4) | 20 | (47.6) | 38 | (38.0) | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 96 | (46.2) | 288 | (37.4) | 14 | (33.3) | 19 | (19.0) | |
| Alzheimer’s disease/senile dementia | 83 | (39.9) | 242 | (31.4) | 24 | (57.1) | 40 | (40.0) | |
| Acquired hypothyroidism | 87 | (41.8) | 272 | (35.3) | 18 | (42.9) | 26 | (26.0) | |
| Fibromyalgia/Chronic Pain/Fatigue | 76 | (36.5) | 318 | (41.3) | 20 | (47.6) | 26 | (26.0) | |
| Stroke/transient ischemic attack | 70 | (33.7) | 253 | (32.9) | 20 | (47.6) | 36 | (36.0) | |
| Obesity | 67 | (32.2) | 220 | (28.6) | 16 | (38.1) | 35 | (35.0) | |
| Asthma | 67 | (32.2) | 159 | (20.6) | 14 | (33.3) | 22 | (22.0) | |
aPer 10,000 USD; bConditions shown where frequency for all cells for individual conditions is ≥ 11. (Not shown: drug, alcohol and substance abuse, multiple sclerosis, spinal injury, hip fracture, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, hepatitis, HIV and schizophrenia)
Abbreviations: SD Standard Deviation, USD United States Dollars, IQR Interquartile range, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease