Table 3.
Association between periodontitis and diabetic long-term complications
| T1DM with periodontitis | T1DM without periodontitis | T2DM with periodontitis | T2DM without periodontitis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with CPI (n = 461) | ||||
| Neuropathy (% cases) | 11/48 (22.9%) | 8/32 (25.0%) | 60/228 (26.3%) | 34/153 (22.2%) |
| Nephropathy (% cases) | 5/48 (10.4%) | 1/32 (3.1%) | 37/228 (16.2%) | 16/153 (10.5%) |
| Retinopathy (% cases) | 15/48 (31.3%) | 5/32 (15.6%) | 18/228 (7.9%) | 14/153 (9.2%) |
| Depression (% cases) | 1/48 (2.1%) | 2/32 (6.3%) | 25/228 (11.0%) | 11/153 (7.2%) |
| Hypertension (% cases) | 15/48 (31.3%) | 11/32 (34.4%) | 178/228 (78.1%) | 111/153 (72.5%) |
| Patients with AAP risk score (n = 1180) | ||||
| Neuropathy (% cases) | 24/106 (22.6%) | 11/63 (17.5%) | 234/680 (34.4%) *** | 73/331 (22.1%) *** |
| Nephropathy (% cases) | 9/106 (8.5%) | 4/63 (6.3%) | 123/680 (18.1%) ** | 37/331 (11.2%) ** |
| Retinopathy (% cases) | 25/106 (23.6%) | 14/63 (22.2%) | 74/680 (10.9%) | 26/331 (7.9%) |
| Depression (% cases) | 6/106 (5.7%) | 3/63 (4.8%) | 67/680 (9.9%) | 25/331 (7.6%) |
| Hypertension (% cases) | 45/106 (42.5%) * | 17/63 (27.0%) * | 514/680 (75.6%) | 244/331 (73.7%) |
AAP risk score by the American Association of Periodontology; CPI Community Parodontal Index; clinically diagnosed periodontitis: CPI > 2; assumed periodontitis: modified AAP risk score > 21 points; two-sided X2 tests comparing periodontitis vs. non-periodontitis cases are significant with * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001