Table 2:
Serial Echocardiograms
| Variables | Baseline (n=186) | Year 1 (n=186) | Year 2 (n=159) | Year 3 (n=125) | Year 4 (n=108) | Year 5 (n=91) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RV systolic function | ||||||
| RV global longitudinal strain, % | −17±4 | −18±4 | −15±3 | −16±4 | −15±5 | −14±4 |
| RV fractional area change, % | 31±9 | 30±8 | 29±10 | 27±7 | 29±12 | 28±10 |
| Other systemic indices | ||||||
| RV end-diastolic area, cm2 | 37±10 | 35±9 | 39±11 | 36±10 | 39±8 | 41±9 |
| RV end-systolic area, cm2 | 25±8 | 25±8 | 27±8 | 26±10 | 28±7 | 30±8 |
| RV cardiac index, ml/m2 | 2.6±0.4 | 2.8±0.5 | 2.7±0.6 | 2.6±0.5 | 24.±0.7 | 2.5±0.4 |
| LA volume index, ml/m2 | 46 (32–69) | 48 (34–66) | 43 (28–69) | 44 (31–64) | 47 (34–72) | 49 (33–72) |
| LA reservoir strain, % | 20 (14–30) | 20 (15–31) | 18 (12–37) | 17 (12–35) | 18 (14–27) | 15 (11–19) |
| Neurohormonal activation | ||||||
| NT-proBNP, pg/ml | 265±143 [n=133] | 226±112 [n=103] | 273±153 [n=121] | 329±186 [n=84] | 305±216 [n=65] | 398±204 [n=69] |
RA: right atrium; RV right ventricle; LV: left ventricle; LA: left atrium; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro hormone brain natriuretic peptide; [n] signifies number of patients with laboratory assay.