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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Genet Med. 2022 Jan 17;24(4):955–961. doi: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.12.006

Table 2.

Adjusted associations with self-rated family health history knowledgea (N=116,799).

None vs. A lot Some vs. A lot
aOR (95% CI) p-value aOR (95% CI) p-value
Age Group
18–34 (ref) 1.00 1.00
35–44 0.73 (0.65–0.82) <0.001 0.84 (0.80–0.88) <0.001
45–54 0.67 (0.60–0.75) <0.001 0.70 (0.67–0.73) <0.001
55–64 0.46 (0.41–0.52) <0.001 0.63 (0.60–0.65) <0.001
65+ 0.37 (0.33–0.42) <0.001 0.71 (0.69–0.72) <0.001
Sex Assigned at Birth
Female (ref) 1.00 1.00
Male 2.42 (2.24–2.61) <0.001 1.46 (1.42–1.50) <0.001
Other/Unknownb 1.27 (0.87–1.86) 0.22 0.96 (0.83–1.12) 0.61
Gender or Sexual Minority
No (ref) 1.00 1.00
Yes/Unknownc 1.19 (1.07–1.32) <0.001 1.05 (1.01–1.09) 0.01
Race
White (ref) 1.00 1.00
Asian 3.38 (2.89–3.95) <0.001 1.32 (1.23–1.42) <0.001
Black or African American 3.33 (3.00–3.69) <0.001 1.24 (1.19–1.30) <0.001
Otherd 1.49 (1.19–1.87) <0.001 1.15 (1.07–1.25) <0.001
Missinge 1.79 (1.39–2.30) <0.001 0.98 (0.89–1.08) 0.68
Ethnicity
Not Hispanic or Latino (ref) 1.00 1.00
Hispanic or Latino 1.24 (0.98–1.56) 0.07 1.10 (1.01–1.20) 0.03
None of these 2.16 (1.52–3.06) <0.001 1.01 (0.87–1.18) 0.89
Missinge 1.33 (0.92–1.92) 0.13 1.16 (1.00–1.34) 0.05
Annual Household Income
≥$25,000 (ref) 1.00 1.00
<$25,000 2.98 (2.72–3.26) <0.001 1.23 (1.19–1.28) <0.001
Missinge 2.53 (2.26–2.82) <0.001 1.23 (1.18–1.29) <0.001
Educational Attainment
≥HS Grad (ref) 1.00 1.00
<HS Grad 3.15 (2.72–3.64) <0.001 1.42 (1.29–1.56) <0.001
Missinge 2.14 (1.61–2.84) <0.001 1.08 (0.93–1.26) 0.30

Abbreviations: aOR = adjusted Odds Ratio; 95% CI = 95% Confidence Intervals; HS Grad = High school graduate; ref=reference.

a

Based on response to the question: “How much do you know about illnesses or health problems for your parents, grandparents, brothers, sisters, and/or children?”

b

Generalized Different Sex: For the question “What was your biological sex assigned at birth?” the participant indicated not male, not female, prefer not to answer, or skipped the question.

c

Participant indicated either non-binary sex at birth, non-straight sexual orientation, gender identity other than male or female, indicated prefer not to answer, or skipped these questions.

d

Indicates another single population, more than one population, or none of these. Groups were collapsed so that cell sizes would remain above count of 20 in smallest cell.

e

None indicated, prefer not to answer, or skipped.