Table 3.
Moderation of ADHD-PRS associations with somatic health outcomes by education, BMI, tobacco use, and alcohol misuse.
| Disease area/outcome | Education level | BMI | Tobacco use | Alcohol misuse | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | padj | OR (95% CI) | padj | OR (95% CI) | padj | OR (95% CI) | padj | ||
| Cardio-metabolic | |||||||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 1.03 (0.91–1.17) | 0.969 | 0.97 (0.91–1.02) | 0.824 | 1.20 (1.06–1.36) | 0.779 | 1.14 (0.94–1.39) | 0.139 | |
| Heart failure | 1.02 (0.90–1.15) | 0.969 | 1.01 (0.95–1.07) | 0.969 | 1.11 (0.97–1.26) | 0.824 | 0.89 (0.74–1.08) | 0.724 | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1.02 (0.91–1.14) | 0.969 | 1.00 (0.95–1.06) | 0.969 | 1.04 (0.92–1.17) | 0.969 | 1.07 (0.89–1.29) | 0.969 | |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 0.92 (0.77–1.11) | 0.969 | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) | 0.969 | 1.22 (0.99–1.50) | 0.969 | 0.97 (0.76–1.23) | 0.407 | |
| Hypertension | 1.01 (0.92–1.11) | 0.969 | 0.94 (0.90–0.99) | 0.167 | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 0.263 | 0.85 (0.74–0.98) | 0.969 | |
| Obesity | 1.01 (0.90–1.13) | 0.969 | 0.02 (0.00–3.17) | 0.724 | 0.96 (0.85–1.08) | 0.832 | 0.91 (0.77–1.07) | 0.969 | |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 1.02 (0.86–1.22) | 0.969 | 0.90 (0.84–0.97) | 0.139 | 1.01 (0.85–1.21) | 0.969 | 0.90 (0.70–1.17) | 0.969 | |
| Autoimmune/inflammatory disease | |||||||||
| Type 1 Diabetes | 0.90 (0.65–1.25) | 0.969 | 1.00 (0.89–1.12) | 0.987 | 0.94 (0.66–1.33) | 0.969 | 0.86 (0.57–1.29) | 0.969 | |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 1.01 (0.86–1.19) | 0.969 | 0.98 (0.90–1.06) | 0.969 | 1.22 (1.04–1.44) | 0.286 | 0.79 (0.64–0.98) | 0.167 | |
| Psoriasis | 0.79 (0.66–0.94) | 0.139 | 0.97 (0.91–1.05) | 0.969 | 1.04 (0.86–1.25) | 0.969 | 0.95 (0.70–1.29) | 0.969 | |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 0.97 (0.74–1.27) | 0.969 | 1.11 (0.96–1.27) | 0.778 | 1.07 (0.81–1.40) | 0.931 | 0.81 (0.52–1.25) | 0.969 | |
| Neurology | |||||||||
| Migraine | 1.04 (0.94–1.14) | 0.969 | 0.98 (0.93–1.02) | 0.931 | 1.01 (0.92–1.12) | 0.969 | 1.01 (0.85–1.19) | 0.969 | |
| Epilepsy | 0.94 (0.73–1.22) | 0.969 | 1.03 (0.94–1.14) | 0.969 | 1.18 (0.91–1.53) | 0.724 | 1.27 (0.93–1.73) | 0.824 | |
| Dementia | 0.98 (0.78–1.23) | 0.969 | 1.01 (0.91–1.12) | 0.969 | 1.00 (0.80–1.24) | 0.931 | 0.85 (0.63–1.16) | 0.987 | |
| Parkinson disease | 0.88 (0.72–1.07) | 0.824 | 1.05 (0.97–1.14) | 0.824 | 1.00 (0.82–1.22) | 0.969 | 0.90 (0.67–1.22) | 0.987 | |
| Sleep disorder | 1.16 (1.03–1.30) | 0.167 | 1.02 (0.96–1.07) | 0.969 | 1.02 (0.90–1.16) | 0.969 | 0.98 (0.83–1.15) | 0.969 | |
BMI was mean centered and treated as a continuous variable. padj, false-discovery rate adjusted p-values.
BMI body mass index, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, PRS polygenic risk score.