Table 2.

MXene-based electrochemical aptasensors for cancer diagnosis (sensitivity and detection limit)

S. no.	Material	Biomarker	Sample	Technique	Linear range	LOD	References
1	MXenes-BPQDs@Ru(dcbpy)32+-PEIAbCD63	Exosomes, CD63		CV	1.1 × 102 to 1.1 × 107 particles µL−1	37.0 particles µL−1	[166]
2	0D/2D Ti3C2Tx@FePcQD nanohybrid	miRNA-155	Serum	EIS	0.01 fM to 10 pM	4.3 aM	[167]
3	cDNA-Fc/MXene/Apt/Au/GCE aptasensor	Mucin 1	Serum	SWV	1.0 to 10 µM	0.33 pM	[209]
4	MPA-CdS:Eu NC	Exosomes, CD63	Serum	EIS, ECL	3.4 × 105 to 1.7 × 108	7.41 × 104 particles mL−1	[210]
5	Ti3C2 MXene (MXene)	Exosomes, CD63	Cancer cells and Serum	CV, EIS	5 × 102 to 5 × 105 particles µL−1	229 particles µL−1	[211]
6	PPy@Ti3C2Tx/PMo12	Osteopontin	Serum	EIS	–	0.98 fg mL−1	[212]
7	AuNPs/Ti3C2 MXene	miRNA-155		EIS, CV	1.0 fM to 10 nM	0.35 fg	[217]
8	MXenes-Apt2/exosomes/Apt1/PNIPAM-AuNPs/GCE	Exosomes, CD63	Serum	ECL	5.0 × 102 to 5.0 × 106 particles µL−1	125 particles µL−1	[218]
9	MXene-MoS2-Thi-AuNPs/GCE	miRNA-21	Serum	CV, EIS, SWV	–	26 fM	[219]
10	CoFe2O4@Ag-HB5 cytosensor	HER2 positive cells	Blood sample	CV, EIS	102 to 106 cells mL−1	47 cells mL−1	[220]
11	eCoCu-ZIF@CD-based cytosensor	PTK7B16-F10 cells		EIS, CV	1.0 × 102 to 1.0 × 105 cells mL−1	33 cells mL−1	[221]