Table 1.
Population and clinical characteristics of participants.
| Characteristics | HC groups (N = 21) | pre-CPAP OSA (N = 21) | post-CPAP OSA (N = 21) | P value (pre-CPAP OSA vs. HC) | P value (post-CPAP vs. pre-CPAP OSA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male/female) | 20/1 | 20/1 | 20/1 | 1.000 | / |
| Age (year) | 40.1 ± 8.6 | 40.1 ± 8.4 | / | 1.000 | / |
| Snoring History (year) | 10.2 ± 6.3 | / | / | / | / |
| Education (years) | 10.1 ± 3.6 | 12.4 ± 3.8 | / | 0.033 | / |
| AHI | 2.5 ± 1.9 | 48.4 ± 19.5 | 2.8 ± 2.21 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Nadir SO2 (%) | 94.0 ± 3.27 | 69.8 ± 13.6 | / | <0.001 | / |
| mean SO2 (%) | 97.3 ± 1.9 | 93.7 ± 3.3 | / | <0.001 | / |
| SaO2 <90 (%) | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 15.0 ± 17.4 | / | <0.001 | / |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 90.5 ± 3.1 | 74.6 ± 24.0 | / | 0.007 | / |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 21.1 ± 1.5 | 27.3 ± 3.8 | 27.2 ± 4.0 | <0.001 | 0.770 |
| ESS | 2.8 ± 1.9 | 10.9 ± 5.3 | 8.0 ± 4.2 | <0.001 | 0.007 |
| HAMA | 4.4 ± 2.3 | 7.5 ± 4.6 | 4.0 ± 3.7 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| HAMD | 3.1 ± 1.5 | 6.2 ± 3.1 | 3.0 ± 1.7 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| PSQI | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 5.5 ± 1.9 | 4.1 ± 2.2 | <0.001 | 0.020 |
| MoCA | 27.5 ± 1.5 | 23.1 ± 3.0 | 24.5 ± 3.8 | <0.001 | 0.040 |
| mean CPAP use (h/night) | / | / | 5.6 ± 1.3 | / | / |
| days of CPAP use > 4 h(%) | / | / | 65.7 ± 19.8 | / | / |
| mean CPAP pressure (cmH2O) | / | / | 9.2 ± 1.7 | / | / |
HC, healthy controls; pre-CPAP OSA, OSA patients before CPAP treatment; post-CPAP OSA, OSA patients after CPAP treatment; BMI, body mass index; AHI, apnea hypopnea index; SaO2, oxygen saturation; SaO2 <90%, percentage of total sleep time spent at oxygen saturation <90%; ESS, Epworth sleepiness scale; HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment.