FIGURE 1.

Transmission and Identification of the viruses, respectively: (A) HPV transmission takes place from human to human through sexual and/or skin to skin contact. It can be diagnosed by PCR (recommended) or Whole Genome Sequencing. (B) EBV is transmitted through saliva from human to human. Its presence can be identified by PCR, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and in situ PCR. (C) BLV transmission primarily takes place from bovine or cattle (usually domestic animals) to humans; dairy and cattle meat can also be a source of transmission. PCR or antibody screening of a human blood sample is carried out for its diagnosis. (D) MMTV is transmitted from mice to human. Its presence is identified by PCR or NGS.