Table 1.
Patient characteristics (N = 161)
| Women (N = 89) | Men (N = 72) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years, mean ± SD‡ | 46.8 ± 17.29 | 52.6 ± 18.52 |
| Years of education, mean ± SD | 16.0 ± 2.88 | 16.8 ± 3.11 |
| Race | ||
| White | 63 (70.8%) | 59 (81.9%) |
| Black | 7 (7.9%) | 4 (5.6%) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 1 (1.1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Asian | 5 (5.6%) | 4 (5.6%) |
| Multiracial | 13 (14.6%) | 5 (6.9%) |
| Hollingshead index, mean ± SD | 47.5 ± 14.4 | 53.4 ± 13.9 |
| Employed or self-employed, n (%) | 49 (55%) | 38 (53%) |
| Marital status (married), n (%) | 36 (40%) | 36 (50%) |
| Benzodiazepines | 13 (14.6%) | 10 (13.9%) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 2 (2%) | 4 (6%) |
| AUDIT, median (IQR)‡ | 2.0 [0,3] | 2 [0,4] |
| History of alcohol abuse, n (%) | 6 (7%) | 11 (15%) |
| History of substance abuse, n (%) | 9 (10%) | 12 (17%) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 28.3 [23.6, 33.0] | 28.4 [25.4, 32.5] |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 4 (4.5%) | 6 (8.3%) |
| Cardiovascular disease, % (n) | 6 (6.7%) | 8 (11.1%) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 1.0 [0.0, 3.0] | 1.0 [0.0,3.0] |
| PHQ-4, median (IQR) | 2.0 [1.0, 4.0] | 2 [0.0, 5.0] |
| Family history of dementia, n (%)* | 41 (46%) | 25 (35%) |
| PSQI, median (IQR) | 9.29 [5, 12.8] | 8.30 [5, 10] |
| AHI, median (IQR)§ | 2.2 [0.5, 5.7] | 6.1 [1.8 12.8] |
| Normal (< 5), n (%) | 64 (71.9%) | 29 (40.3%) |
| Mild sleep apnea (5 ≤ AHI < 15), n (%) | 21 (23.6%) | 26 (36.1%) |
| Moderate sleep apnea (15 ≤ AHI < 30), n (%) | 4 (4.5%) | 12 (16.7%) |
| Severe sleep apnea (AHI ≥ 30), n (%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (8.3%) |
| PSG referral reasons | ||
| Sleep apnea evaluation | 55 (62%) | 55 (76%) |
| Sleepiness | 43 (48%) | 35 (49%) |
| Insomnia | 30 (34%) | 21 (29%) |
| Non-restorative sleep | 3 (3%) | 1 (1%) |
| Restless legs syndrome | 15 (17%) | 18 (25%) |
| REM sleep behavior disorder | 1 (1%) | 1 (1%) |
AUDIT, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; AHI, apnea-hypopnea index (# apnea events per hour of sleep) at 4% desaturation for hypopnea. IQR, interquartile range; PHQ-4, Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression and Anxiety; PSQI, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; SD, standard deviation. ‡<0.05; § <0.0001.
*Family history of one patient was unknown as patient was adopted.
‡<0.05.
§ <0.0001.