Figure 5.

Skin TRM cells from LmCen^-/– immunized mice produce IFNγ in response to challenge. Non-immunized, healed, and immunized IFNγ/Thy1.1 mice were challenged with LmWT parasite in the flank skin. T cells from challenged skin were isolated 5 days post-challenge, and cytokine production was assessed with flow cytometry analysis. (A) Schematic representation of the experiment. (B) Graph is representative of Thy1.1 staining on skin CD4⁺ TRM cells (CD3⁺CD4⁺CD44⁺CD62L^-CD69⁺ and CD3⁺CD4⁺CD44⁺CD62L^-CD69⁺CD103⁺). (C, D) Expression of Thy1.1 surface marker, representing IFNγ expression, was measured on (C) CD4⁺CD69⁺ and (D) CD4⁺CD69⁺CD103⁺ TRM cells. Y axis represents a portion of skin CD4⁺ TRM cells expressing IFNγ as a percentage of CD4⁺CD69⁺ TRM population. Data shown are combined results from two independent experiments with n = 6–8 mice per group. Bars represent the means with SEM in each group. Statistical analysis was performed by unpaired two-tailed t-test (**p < 0.007, *p < 0.02). Chal, Challenged; w, week.