Figure 6.

TRM cells from LmCen^-/– immunized mice exhibit cytotoxic function by expressing granzyme B (GzmB). Fifteen-week 15w immunized and healed mice and non-immunized control mice were challenged in the flank skin with LmWT virulent parasites. (A) Schematic diagram of the site of injections. (B) Immunohistochemistry of the flank skin, at the challenge site, from 48 h challenged mice, stained with anti-granzyme B antibodies. (C, D) T cells from challenged skin were isolated 5 days post-challenge, and granzyme B production was assessed with flow cytometry analysis. (C) Portion of CD4 TRM cells, single positive (CD4⁺CD69⁺), expressing granzyme B (D) Portion of CD4 TRM cells, double positive (CD4⁺CD69⁺CD103⁺), expressing granzyme B Results are representative of one of two independent experiments with total 2–4 mice per group. Bars represent the means with SEM in each group. Statistical analysis was performed by unpaired two-tailed t-test (**p < 0.004, *p < 0.03). h, hours.