Table 2.
Bivariable and multivariable analysis of factors associated with mortality
| Characteristic | Outcome [n (%)] |
Crude Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Adjusted Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Died | Discharged | |||||
| Overall | 82 (35.5) | 149 (64.5) | ||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 52 (35.9) | 93 (64.1) | 1.00 | |||
| Female | 30 (34.9) | 56 (65.1) | 1.02 (0.83–1.24) | 0.880 | ||
| Age, yr* | ||||||
| ⩽42 | 74 (61.7) | 46 (38.3) | 1.00 | |||
| ⩾43 | 75 (67.6) | 36 (32.4) | 1.10 (0.90–1.33) | 0.350 | ||
| HIV status* | ||||||
| Negative | 133 (65.2) | 71 (34.8) | 1.00 | |||
| Positive | 16 (59.3) | 11 (40.7) | 0.91 (0.65–1.26) | 0.570 | ||
| Diagnosis of sepsis*† | ||||||
| No | 52 | 110 | 1 | 0.123 | 0.85 (0.68–1.06) | 0.163 |
| Yes | 30 | 39 | 0.83 (0.65–1.05) | |||
| Severity of hypoxemia*‡ | ||||||
| Normal (⩾316) | 12 (38.8) | 56 (61.2) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Mild (201–315) | 18 (62.5) | 30 (37.5) | 1.61 (1.06–2.44) | 0.024 | 1.97 (1.26–3.09) | 0.003 |
| Moderate (101–200) | 22 (66.7) | 44 (33.3) | 1.72 (1.16–2.54) | 0.001 | 1.81 (1.10–3.98) | 0.019 |
| Severe (⩽100) | 30 (82.4) | 19 | 2.12 (1.47–3.07) | <0.001 | 2.40 (1.52–3.79) | <0.001 |
| ARDS by modified criteria | ||||||
| Normal (⩾316) | 12 (17.6) | 56 (82.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| ⩽315 | 70 (42.9) | 93 (57.1) | 1.44 (1.21–1.72) | <0.001 | 1.38 (1.15–1.65) | <0.01 |
| Respiratory rate | ||||||
| Normal | 91 (66.6) | 48 (34.5) | 1.00 | |||
| 25–30 | 36 (66.7) | 18 (33.3) | 1.02 (0.81–1.27) | 0.874 | ||
| ⩾31 | 22 (57.9) | 16 (42.1) | 0.88 (0.66–1.19) | 0.418 | ||
| Hypotension | ||||||
| Normal (⩾65) | 116 (68.2) | 54 (31.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Abnormal (<65) | 32 (53.3) | 28 (46.7) | 0.78 (0.60–1.01) | 0.062 | 0.82 (0.63–1.07) | 0.142 |
Definition of abbreviations: ARDS = acute respiratory distress syndrome; CI = confidence interval; FiO2 = fraction of inspired oxygen; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus; SpO2 = oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry.
*
Known risk factors for mortality in ARDS.
†
As diagnosed and documented by attending physician team.
‡
Severity of hypoxemia was graded using the SpO2:FiO2 ratio.