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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 11.
Published in final edited form as: Free Radic Biol Med. 2022 Feb 1;181:52–61. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.030

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

Metformin extends lifespan and alleviates locomotor deficits and motor neuron degeneration in hSOD1G93A mutant C. elegans. (A) Relative expression of hSOD1 mRNA in hSOD1G93A transgenic worms treated with metformin or hSOD1 RNAi. (B) Western blot analysis of hSOD1 protein level in extracts from transgenic strains. hSOD1 expression was lower in hSOD1G93A worms fed metformin than in untreated mutant worms. (C, D) Motor neuron survival and morphology in transgenic worms. Metformin prevented motor neuron degeneration (C) and restored neuronal morphology (D) in hSOD1G93A worms. (E) Suivival analysis. Median suivival of hSOD1G93A worms was increased by metformin treatment (13 days vs 10 days without treatment). (F) Locomotion was partly restored in hSOD1G93A worms treated with metformin. (G) Oxidative stress response in transgenic worms treated with metformin. Metformin prolonged the lifespan of hSOD1G93A transgenic worms exposed to paraquat. **P<0.001, ***P<0.0005, ****p<0.0001 (N ~ 100 worms per condition from 3 independent experiments).