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. 2022 Apr 11;41:136. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02346-w

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 8 — YBX1 mediated regulation of hY4F sorting into EVs is necessary for the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells in vivo. A The growth curves of tumor volumes for xenotransplantation nude mice subcutaneously injected with WT/YBX1-KO A549 (n = 7). Photographs (B) and weights (C) of subcutaneous tumors at day 34 of tumor growth are shown. D Quantitative PCR results of hY4F in plasma from nude mice subcutaneously injected with WT/YBX1-KO A549. E Representative photos and (F) H&E stain results of lungs from nude mice injected WT/YBX1-KO A549 cells (n = 6) via tail vein for 5 weeks. Blue arrows indicate the tumor metastasis. G The statistical results of the number and area of lung metastatic lesions formed by A549 cells xenograft according to H&E stain images. H Levels of YBX1 protein in tissue from LUAD cancer patients or control subjects according to the CPTAC database (p < 0.001). The grades (I) and stages (J) of LUAD cancer patients are closely associated with YBX1 protein levels in cancer tissue according to the CPTAC database (Grade1 vs control: p < 0.01, Grade2/3 vs control: p < 0.001; Stage1/2/3 vs normal: p < 0.001). K Overall survival rate of LUAD cancer patients with high or low YBX1 mRNA level in tissue from LUAD cancer patients according to the TCGA database. L Overall survival rate of LUAD cancer patients with high or low hY4 RNA (RNY4) expression levels in tissue according to the TCGA database. M Correlational analysis of hY4F and YBX1 levels in LUAD patients according to the TCGA database. Data from three independent experiments are shown as the mean ± SD (error bars). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (Student’s t-test). WT: wild type; KO: knockout