Table 1.
Features of the population included in the apremilast cohort, the overall cohort receiving bDMARDs and by bDMARD class
| Total bDMARDs | TNF inhibitors | IL-12/23 inhibitor | IL-17 inhibitors | Apremilast | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 9510 | N = 7289 (76.6%) | N = 1058 (11.1%) | N = 1163 (12.2%) | N = 1885 | |
| Follow-up, median (IQR), months | 12 (6–25) | 12 (5–26) | 14 (8–27) | 11 (5–21) | 6 (2–15) |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | |||||
| Age, mean (s.d.), years | 48.5 (12.7) | 48.2 (12.8) | 49.8 (12.8) | 49.2 (12.2) | 54.0 (12.5) |
| Men | 3959 (41.6) | 3002 (41.2) | 475 (44.9) | 482 (41.4) | 835 (44.3) |
| Complementary universal health coverage | 1192 (12.5) | 877 (12.0) | 144 (13.6) | 171 (14.7) | 197 (10.4) |
| Deprivation index, mean (s.d.) | 0.0 (0.6) | 0.0 (0.6) | 0.0 (0.6) | 0.1 (0.6) | 0.1 (0.5) |
| Associated inflammatory diseases | |||||
| Active skin psoriasis | 4497 (47.3) | 3150 (43.2) | 708 (66.9) | 639 (54.9) | 1175 (62.3) |
| IBD | 499 (5.2) | 429 (5.9) | 58 (5.5) | 12 (1.0) | 7 (0.4) |
| Uveitis | 29 (0.3) | 25 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) |
| Cardiovascular risk biomarkers | |||||
| Diabetes | 806 (8.5) | 572 (7.8) | 116 (11.0) | 118 (10.1) | 225 (11.9) |
| Essential hypertension | 1751 (18.4) | 1300 (17.8) | 218 (20.6) | 233 (20.0) | 464 (24.6) |
| Dyslipidaemia | 604 (6.4) | 436 (6.0) | 92 (8.7) | 76 (6.5) | 152 (8.1) |
| COPD | 802 (8.4) | 595 (8.2) | 100 (9.4) | 107 (9.2) | 202 (10.7) |
| Other hospital discharge diagnosis related to tobacco | 537 (5.6) | 373 (5.1) | 79 (7.5) | 85 (7.3) | 73 (3.9) |
| Low-dose antiplatelet agent | 471 (5.0) | 335 (4.6) | 74 (7.0) | 62 (5.3) | 143 (7.6) |
| Morbid or complicated obesity | 937 (9.9) | 648 (8.9) | 147 (13.9) | 142 (12.2) | 153 (8.4) |
| Other comorbidities | |||||
| Atherosclerosis of arteries of extremities | 74 (0.8) | 54 (0.7) | 14 (1.3) | 6 (0.5) | 24 (1.3) |
| Chronic renal failure | 60 (0.6) | 46 (0.6) | 6 (0.6) | 8 (0.7) | 23 (1.2) |
| Depression | 1589 (16.7) | 1156 (15.8) | 201 (19.0) | 232 (19.9) | 276 (14.6) |
| Other studied drugs | |||||
| csDMARDs | 3633 (38.2) | 2992 (41.0) | 305 (28.8) | 336 (28.9) | 653 (34.6) |
| NSAIDs | 1805 (19.0) | 1473 (20.2) | 144 (13.6) | 188 (16.2) | 357 (18.9) |
| Arylacetic acid derivatives | 377 (4.0) | 316 (4.3) | 21 (2.0) | 40 (3.4) | 66 (3.5) |
| Propionic acid derivatives | 1008 (10.6) | 822 (11.3) | 85 (8.0) | 101 (8.7) | 190 (10.1) |
| Coxibs | 255 (2.7) | 202 (2.8) | 21 (2.0) | 32 (2.7) | 56 (3.0) |
| Oxicam | 169 (1.8) | 143 (2.0) | 12 (1.1) | 14 (1.2) | 54 (2.9) |
| Fenamates | 8 (0.1) | 8 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Nabumetone | 26 (0.3) | 17 (0.2) | 6 (0.6) | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) |
| Prednisone | 921 (9.7) | 747 (10.2) | 72 (6.8) | 102 (8.8) | 160 (8.5) |
| Care consumption | |||||
| Rheumatology consultation within 2 years, mean (s.d.) | 0.8 (1.6) | 0.8 (1.5) | 0.9 (2.2) | 0.8 (1.7) | 0.8 (1.6) |
| General consultation within 2 years, mean (s.d.) | 2.4 (4.1) | 2.4 (4.1) | 2.4 (4.4) | 2.5 (3.7) | 2.5 (5.1) |
| Drugs in co-reimbursement, mean (s.d.) | 5.8 (4.3) | 5.8 (4.2) | 5.9 (4.6) | 5.8 (4.6) | 5.8 (4.1) |
Data are n (%) unless indicated. bDMARD: biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug; IQR: interquartile range; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; csDMARD: conventional synthetic DMARD.