Figure 1.

(a) The rodent histotripsy treatment setup consisted of an 8 element 1 MHz therapy transducer delivering 1–2 cycle pulses at P– 30 MPa and 100 Hz PRF. A coaxially aligned 20 MHz imaging probe was used for real-time ultrasound guidance. Both transducers were mounted to a motorized positioning system and immersed in a tank of degassed water (coupling medium). The animal was placed in a prone position on a platform to allow the intended target region to submerge. (b) Generation of hyperechoic cavitation cloud in liver tumor. The ablated tumor region appears hypoechoic compared to surrounding liver parenchyma.