Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, procedures and outcomes.
| All | Primary | Recurrence | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient Demographics | |||
| Number of patients (n) | 19 | 14 | 5 |
| Mean age (years, range) | 65.2 (47–81) | 62.2 (47–81) | 73.6 (70–78) |
| Mean BMI (n = 12, range) | 30.3 (19.9–40) | 30.4 (19.9–40) | 29.8 (24.5–37) |
| American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status (n/%) | |||
| I | 1 (5.3) | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0) |
| II | 6 (31.6) | 5 (35.7) | 1 (20) |
| III | 5 (26.3) | 3 (21.4) | 2 (40) |
| Missing | 7 (36.8) | 5 (35.7) | 2 (40) |
| Surgical Outcomes | |||
| Figo Stage (n,%) | |||
| Stage II | 2 (14.2) | 2 (14.2) | N/A |
| Stage III | 2 (14.2) | 2 (14.2) | N/A |
| Stage IV | 10 (71.4) | 10 (71.4) | N/A |
| Histology (n/%) | |||
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 19 (100) | 14 (100) | 5 (100) |
| Differentiation (n/%) | |||
| Well | 1 (5.2) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) |
| Moderate | 12 (63.2) | 10 (71.4) | 2 (40) |
| Poorly | 6 (31.6) | 4 (28.6) | 2 (40) |
| MEAN TUMOUR DIAMETER (range, mm) | 52.8 (18–100) | 54.7 (18–100) | 47.6 (32–60) |
| Resection Margin (n, %) | |||
| Surgical R0 (microscopically negative) | 18 (94.7) | 14 (100) | 4 (80) |
| Surgical R1 (microscopically remnant) | 1 (5.33) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) |
| Surgical R2 (macroscopic remnant) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Nodal Status | |||
| Inguinal lymph node metastases (n, %) | 10 (71.4) | 8 (66.7) | 2 (100) |
| Lymphovascular space invasion present (n, %) | 9 (47.4) | 6 (42.9) | 3 (60) |
| Perineural invasion present (n, %) | 8 (42.1) | 5 (35.7) | 3 (60) |
| Lymphovascular space invasion + Perineural invasion present (n, %) | 4 (21.1) | 2 (14.3) | 2 (40) |
| Node positive without extracapsular spread | 8 | 7 | 1 |
| Node positive with extracapsular spread | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Node negative | 4 | 4 | 0 |
| Surgical Procedure (n, %) | |||
| Posterior exenteration | 14 (73.7) | 11 (78.6) | 3 (60) |
| Total exenteration | 5 (26.3) | 3 (21.4) | 2 (40) |
| Ileal conduit | 5 (26.3) | 3 (21.4) | 2 (40) |
| Reconstruction (n, %): | |||
| Primary closure | 6 (31.6) | 4 (28.6) | 2 (40) |
| Vertical Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous Flap (VRAM) | 5 (26.3) | 3 (21.4) | 2 (40) |
| Bilateral gracilis myocutaneous flap | 2 (10.5) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0) |
| VRAM + gracilis | 3 (15.8) | 2 (14.3) | 1 (20) |
| Inferior gluteal artery myocutaneous (IGAM) | 1 (5.3) | 1 (7.1) | 0 (0) |
| Fasciocutaneous flap | 2 (10.5) | 2 (14.3) | 0 (0) |
| Perioperative Features | |||
| Mean blood loss (mL, range) | 667 (150–2180) | 798 (200–2180) | 338 (150–500) |
| Major morbidity {Clavien–Dindo Grade 3 and above, n (%)} | 9 (47.4) | 6 (42.9) | 3 (60) |
| Mean length of stay (days) | 20 (9–39) | 19 (9–39) | 24 (14–30) |
| 30-day major morbidity rate (n, %) | 8/19 (42.1%) | 6/14 (42.9%) | 2/5 (40%) |
| 30-day mortality rate | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Survival | |||
| Overall survival (months, range) | 144.8 (2–206) | 152.2 (6–206) | 45.8 (2–74) |
| % 1-year survival | 89.5 | 100 | 60 |
| % 5-year survival | 66.7 | 69.3 | 60 |
| % 10-year survival | 66.7 | 69.3 | Not reached yet |
| Overall survival when lymphovascular space invasion present (months) | 44.1 | 36.5 | 51 |
| Overall survival when lymphovascular space invasion absent (months) | 166.5 | 182.1 | 35 |