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. 2022 Apr 4;12(7):928. doi: 10.3390/ani12070928

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Examples of genetic influence on animal behavior. The basic neurobiological systems represent the phylogenetically robust neural substrate for the expression of behaviors. Selective mating can generate individuals with enhanced sensitivity to a certain kind of stimulation, leading to overexpression of the behavior involved. Likewise, selection can decrease sensitivity to stimuli, thus reducing the probability of a certain behavior being expressed. Those manipulations can be positive or negative to animal welfare.