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. 2022 Mar 30;12(7):870. doi: 10.3390/ani12070870

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Plasma serotonin (5-HT) levels at day 0 (pre-treatment) and day 14 (post-treatment) in probiotic fed dominant hens and regular diet fed subordinate hens. The plasma 5-HT concentration was measured by using the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Compared to subordinate hens, plasma 5-HT concentrations were higher in dominant hens at day 0 but without statistical difference (p = 0.24); the difference disappeared at day 14. Compared to the levels at day 0, blood concentrations of 5-HT were reduced in probiotic fed dominant hens at day 14 (p = 0.02) but were not in regular diet fed subordinate hens (p > 0.05). a,b Between the concentrations at day 0 and day 14, least square means lacking common superscripts differ (p < 0.05). A copy from Hu et al. [178].