Table 1.

Implementation of our thoracic surgery enhanced recovery pathway.

Operative Phase	Elements Already in Place	What We Gave Up	Changes Induced by Our ERP
Pre	Preoperative assessment General patient information including smoking cessation	Stop food and drinks at midnight the day before surgery	Patient empowerment with dedicated information leaflet Carbohydrates intake
Per	Intraoperative warming Prophylactic antibiotics Goal directed fluid therapy Protective ventilation Targeted postoperative nausea prevention Regional anesthesia catheter	No use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs use No strategy of chest tube management	Opiate analgesia avoidance strategy with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs use Single chest tube
Post	Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis Targeted postoperative nausea prevention Opioids for breakthrough pain Mobilization within 24 h	Pain evaluation at rest Continuous regional anesthesia Opioids personalized controlled anesthesia Maintenance of intravenous analgesics and fluids Feeding at POD 1 No consensus on chest tube management	Pain evaluation at rest and mobilization Personalized controlled regional anesthesia non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs use Early infusion withdrawal Early feeding and mobilization at day 0 Consensus on chest tube management