Table 6.
Histomorphology of small intestine in broiler chicken fed postbiotics and paraprobiotics.
| Parameter | Dietary Treatments | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T1 | T2 | T3 | T4 | T5 | T6 | T7 | T8 | SEM | p-Value | |
| Villi height Wk 3, µm | ||||||||||
| Duodenal | 604.30 c | 605.4 c | 814.10 abc | 977.60 ab | 1174.10 a | 1064.6 ab | 791.70 bc | 857 abc | 78.58 | 0.0212 |
| Jejunal | 691.52 a | 518.30 b | 664.41 a | 714.08 a | 779.16 a | 812.56 a | 745.01 a | 759.27 a | 43.42 | 0.0146 |
| Ileal | 549.4 ab | 575.21 a | 382.37 cd | 313.23 d | 580.98 a | 530.4 abc | 403.1 bcd | 601.81 a | 47.74 | 0.0050 |
| Crypt depth Wk 3, µm | ||||||||||
| Duodenal | 153.36 | 139.26 | 149.13 | 126.34 | 122.83 | 125.37 | 159.87 | 127.21 | 10.85 | 0.4196 |
| Jejunal | 123.91 abc | 110.55 c | 115.16 bc | 152.04 a | 101.07 c | 143.22 ab | 141.51 ab | 147.75 a | 8.13 | 0.0080 |
| Ileal | 99.49 ab | 101.77 ab | 105.22 a | 73.97c | 100.48 ab | 98.54 ab | 78.50 ac | 121.15 a | 6.70 | 0.0117 |
| Villi height: Crypt depth | ||||||||||
| Duodenal | 4.01 c | 4.97 bc | 5.50 c | 7.75 ab | 9.68 a | 8.63 a | 5.00 bc | 6.705 ab | 0.84 | 0.0057 |
| Jejunal | 5.60 b | 4.77 b | 5.77 b | 4.70 b | 7.70 a | 5.68 b | 5.27 b | 5.30 b | 0.33 | 0.0025 |
| Ileal | 5.53 | 5.71 | 3.75 | 4.24 | 5.78 | 5.36 | 5.29 | 5.15 | 0.44 | 0.0908 |
| Villi height Wk 5, µm | ||||||||||
| Duodenal | 906.86 b | 944.93 b | 905.21 b | 854.12 b | 813.36 b | 1145.04 a | 1116.48 a | 948.74 b | 43.51 | 0.0008 |
| Jejunal | 823.96 bc | 547.32 d | 848.86 bc | 787.94 c | 872.22 bc | 928.32 ab | 760.69 c | 1036.25 a | 30.42 | <0.0001 |
| Ileal | 554.61 b | 645.09 b | 618.35 b | 692.09 b | 648.04 b | 717.18 b | 622.60 b | 927.37 a | 50.51 | 0.0162 |
| Crypt depth Wk 5, µm | ||||||||||
| Duodenal | 153.83 | 142.25 | 131.36 | 139.10 | 110.67 | 137.76 | 132.21 | 134.55 | 11.50 | 0.5842 |
| Jejunal | 164.12 ab | 172.96 a | 132.51 bcd | 112.33 d | 122.02 cd | 135.01 bcd | 141.63 abcd | 154.09 abc | 9.94 | 0.0212 |
| Ileal | 154.31 a | 143.34 ab | 130.40 abc | 125.92 abc | 118.07 bc | 138.09 ab | 132.30 abc | 107.00 c | 8.80 | 0.0501 |
| Villi height: Crypt depth | ||||||||||
| Duodenal | 6.22 | 6.66 | 6.96 | 6.20 | 7.39 | 8.95 | 8.43 | 7.20 | 0.77 | 0.3957 |
| Jejunal | 5.13 c | 3.18 d | 6.41 abc | 7.05 ab | 7.17 a | 6.92 ab | 5.49 bc | 6.87 ab | 0.43 | 0.0003 |
| Ileal | 3.62b | 4.52 b | 4.79 b | 5.56 b | 5.42 b | 5.22 b | 4.66 b | 8.85 a | 0.48 | 0.0006 |
Means with different superscripts differs significantly (p < 0.05). T1 = negative control (Basal diet), T2 = positive control (Basal diet + 0.01% (w/w) Oxytetracycline), T3 = Basal diet + 0.2% (v/w) postbiotic TL1, T4 = Basal diet + 0.2% (v/w) postbiotic RS5, T5 = Basal diet + 0.2% (v/w) paraprobiotic RG11, T6 = Basal diet +0.2% (v/w) postbiotic RI11, T7 = Basal diet + 0.2% (v/w) paraprobiotic RG14, T8 = Basal diet + 0.2% (v/w) paraprobiotic RI11, SEM = Standard error of means.