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. 2021 Sep 23;10(3):722–730. doi: 10.1556/2006.2021.00064
Scales and subscales Items Responses
Do your parents/guardians practice discipline if you violate the gaming rules?
Non-Discipline No………2
Discipline Yes………1
Non-Violent Discipline Took away privileges, forbade something you liked or did not allow you to leave house Yes………1
No………2
Explained why something was wrong Yes……….1
No………2
Gave you something else to do Yes………1
No………2
Violent Discipline
Psychological aggression Shouted, yelled at or screamed at you Yes………1
No………2
Called you dumb, lazy or another name like that Yes………1
No………2
Physical punishment Shook you Yes………1
No………2
Spanked, hit or slapped you on the bottom with bare hand Yes………1
No………2
Hit you on the bottom or elsewhere on the body with something like a belt, hairbrush, stick or another hard object Yes………1
No………2
Hit or slapped you on the hand, arm or leg Yes………1
No………2
Severe physical punishment Hit or slapped you on the face, head or ears Yes………1
No………2
Beat you with an implement (hit over and over as hard as one could) Yes………1
No………2