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. 2022 Mar 22;11(7):1071. doi: 10.3390/cells11071071

Figure 6.

Figure 6

LPA5 regulates extracellular lactate content, NADPH/NADP ratio, glutathione concentration, and NO production in primary microglia. Wt and LPA5-/- cells were cultivated in serum-free medium in the absence or presence of LPA (1 µM). (A) Lactate content was measured by EnzyChrom™ Glycolysis Assay Kit. (B) NADPH/NADP ratio was measured using the NADP/NADPH assay kit (Abcam). (C) Glutathione (GSH) concentration was quantified with the GSH-Glo Assay kit. (D) The production of NO was determined by measuring the total nitrate concentration in the supernatants. Results are presented as mean values ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001 compared to wt controls, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 for LPA5-/- compared to wt cells, two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction.