Table 1.

Parameters of flask cultures of Y. lipolytica strains overproducing YFP (GGY251—LB strain) and TlG+SoA (GGY178—HB strain) rs-Prots, under four culture variants, at 24 h of culturing. Growth rate and protein secretion were calculated within the exponential phase of growth (up to 24 h). Maximum biomass is given at selected time point, where the biomass accumulation peak was observed (refer to Figure 1). Numbers indicate mean values from biological triplicate ±SD. SD is given to a first significant digit after the comma. N.A.—not available; N.D.—not detected. a, b, c, d, e, f —homogenous groups not different at p < 0.05 based on ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. $—all are different between the LB and HB strains at p < 0.05 or less, except a.

pH and OA Conditions	Strain	Growth Rate QgDCW [g L−1 h−1]	Glycerol Consumption Rate Qgly [g L−1 h−1] $	Biomass Yield Yx/s [g g−1] $	Max. Biomass [g L−1]	Specific Secretion of rs-Prots [FU gDCW−1 or AU gDCW−1]	Total Secretion of Rs-Prots [FU or AU]
pH 3/kLa 28	LB	0.085 ± 0.002 d	0.16 ± 0.01	0.54 ± 0.01	3.37 ± 0.03 f	N.D.—irreversible degradation of rs-Prots under pH 3
	HB	0.11 ± 0.01 d	0.28 ± 0.01	0.39 ± 0.02	4.1 ± 0.1 f
	control	0.080 ± 0.002 d	N.A.	N.A.	3.60 ± 0.01 f	N.D.	N.D.
pH 3/kLa 110	LB	0.26 ± 0.02 b	0.74 ± 0.01	0.36 ± 0.03	8.6 ± 0.5 bc	N.D.—irreversible degradation of rs-Prots under pH 3
	HB	0.275 ± 0.004 b	0.65 ± 0.03	0.43 ± 0.02	8.4 ± 0.3 c
	control	0.28 ± 0.03 b	N.A.	N.A.	7.3 ± 0.6 cd	N.D.	N.D.
pH 7/kLa 28	LB	0.118 ± 0.002 d	0.21 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.01	6.0 ± 0.2 e	132 ± 27	459 ± 96
	HB	0.18 ± 0.01 c	0.37 ± 0.02	0.50 ± 0.01	9.73 ± 0.03 b	0.0029 ± 0.0004	0.015 ± 0.001
	control	0.113 ± 0.004 d	N.A.	N.A.	6.1 ± 0.2 de	N.D.	N.D.
pH 7/kLa 110	LB	0.46 ± 0.01 a	0.83 ± 0.01 a	0.55 ± 0.01	11.6 ± 0.1 a	597 ± 83	6944 ± 1009
	HB	0.25 ± 0.02 b	0.82 ± 0.01 a	0.31 ± 0.02	7.5 ± 0.5 c	0.0036 ± 0.0003	0.024 ± 0.002
	control	0.50 ± 0.02 a	N.A.	N.A.	12.6 ± 0.5 a	N.D.	N.D.