Table 1.

Associations of the most investigated GDM genes and their variants across different populations.

Gene	SNP	Population/Ethnicity	Reference
TCF7L2	rs7903146	Scandinavian	[29]
		Greek	[30]
		Australian and British	[31]
		Danish	[32]
		Korean	[33]
		Swedish	[34]
		Italian	[35]
		Finnish	[36]
		Mexican	[37]
	rs4506565	Mexican	[37]
		Danish	[38]
	rs7901695	American Caucasian	[39]
		Swedish	[34]
		Mexican	[37]
	rs12243326	Mexican	[37]
	rs12255372	Caucasian	[40]
	rs34872471	Danish	[38]
	rs290487	Chinese	[40]
KCNQ1	rs2237892	Korean	[41,42]
		Chinese	[43]
		Asian	[43]
	rs2074196	Korean	[42]
	rs2237895	Pakistani	[44,45]
		Korean	[41]
	rs2283228	Indian	[46]
CDKAL1	rs9295478	Chinese	[47]
	rs6935599	Chinese	[47]
	rs7747752	Chinese	[47]
	rs7754840	Asian and Caucasian	[48]
	rs7756992	Asian and Caucasian	[48]
IRS1	rs1801278	Saudi Arabian	[49]
		Greek	[30]
		Scandinavian	[50]
MTNR1B	rs10830962	Chinese	[51]
	rs10830963	Asian and Caucasian	[52]
		Danish	[38]
		Finnish	[36]
		Saudi Arabian	[49]
	rs1387153	Danish	[38]
		Saudi Arabian	[49]
		Mexican	[37]
		Finnish	[36]