4E-BP1	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1
ADCs	Antibody–drug conjugates
AEG-1	Astrocyte elevated gene-1
AKT	RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase
ANCs	Antibody–nanoparticle conjugates
ARP2/3	Arp2/3 complex 34 kDa subunit
ASK1	Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
ATF2	Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor 2
BCL-2	Apoptosis regulator Bcl-2
BCL-xL	Antiapoptotic protein BCL-xL
BM	Basement membrane
BRAF	Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf
CAF	Cancer-associated fibroblasts
CBD	p300-P/CAF binding domain
CCT	Chaperonin-containing TCP1 complex
C/EBPα	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha
CASP8	Caspase 8
CCDC134	Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 134
CD31	Vascular endothelial cluster of differentiation 31
CDC25A	M-phase inducer phosphatase 1
CDC42	Cell division control protein 42 homolog
CDK	Cyclin-dependent kinases
CDKN2A	Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
CID	CtBP interaction domain
COX2	Cyclooxygenase-2
CRC	Colorectal cancer
CSCs	Cancer-stem cells
CTCs	Circulating tumor cells
CXCL12	Stromal cell-derived factor 1
CXCR4	C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4
DDR1	Discoidin domain receptor 1
DIA1	Formin diaphanous 1
DNMT1	DNA methyltransferase 1
ECM	Extracellular matrix
EGF	Epidermal growth factor
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
eIF-4E	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E
ELK-1	ETS domain-containing protein
EMT	Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
ERK1/2	Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2
ESR	Estrogen receptor
FA	Focal adhesions
FAK	Focal adhesion kinase
FGFR1	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
FHC	Ferritin heavy chain
FOX	Forkhead box
FOXC1/2	Forkhead box protein C1/2
FRA1/2	FOS-related antigen 1/2
FYN	SRC family tyrosine kinase FYN
GAPs	GTPase-activating proteins
GBC	Gallbladder cancer
GC	Gastric cancer
GDIs	Guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors
GEFs	Guanine nucleotide exchange factors
GLI2	Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2
GLS	Glutaminase
GLUL	Glutamine synthetase
GLUT	Glucose transporters
GPCRs	G protein-coupled receptors
GRB2	Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2
GRP94	Glucose-regulated protein 94
HCC	Hepatocellular carcinoma
HDAC	Histone deacetylase 1
HER2	Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HIF1α	Hypoxic-responsive transcription factor α
HNRNPA1	Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1
HRE	HIF-responsive element
HSP27	Heat-shock protein 27
IL	Interleukin
I-SMAD	Inhibitory SMADs
JIPs	JNK-interacting proteins
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
KRAS	GTPase KRas
LAT1	Large neutral amino acid transporter 1
LIMK1	LIM domain kinase 1
MAP	Microtubule-associated protein
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MAPKK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
MAPKKK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase
MCT	Monocarboxylate transporters
MEF	Mouse embryonic fibroblasts
MEK1	MAPK/ERK kinase 1
MEKK1	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1
MET	Mesenchymal–epithelial transition
MK2/3	MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2/3
MLC2	Myosin II light chain
MLCP	Myosin-light-chain phosphatase
MLK3	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11
MMPs	Matrix metalloproteinases
MNK	MAP kinase interacting kinase
MnSOD	Manganese superoxide dismutase
MRCK	Myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase
MSK1	Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5
mTOR	Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR
MYC	MYC proto-oncogene protein
NAIF1	Nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1
NCAM	Neural cell adhesion molecule
NFκB	Nuclear factor kappa B subunit
NHE	Sodium hydrogen ion exchangers
PDGF-D	Platelet-derived growth factor D
PDGFR	Platelet-derived growth factor receptor
PDK1	3-Phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1
PECAM	Platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase
PIK3CA	Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha
PKC	Protein kinase C
PLC	Phospholipase C
PPP2CA	Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform
PRL3	Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA 3
PRRX1	Paired mesoderm homeobox protein 1
PTEN	Phosphatase and tensin homolog
PMCA4b	Plasma membrane Ca2+ pump isoform 4b
PTHrP	Parathyroid hormone-related protein
R-SMAD	Receptor-activated SMADs
RAP1A	Ras-related protein Rap-1A
RAC1	Ras-related protein RAC1
RAF	Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase RAF
RANK	Tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 11
RANKL	Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11
RASAL1	RasGAP-activating-like protein 1
RB	Retinoblastoma protein
RHOA	Transforming protein RhoA
RHOE	RHO-related GTP-binding protein E
ROCK	RHO-associated kinase
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
RPS6KA5/4	Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5/4
RTK	Receptor tyrosine kinase
S6K	Ribosomal protein S6 kinase
SID	Smad interaction domain
SHCA	SRC homology 2 domain-containing-transforming A
SFPQ	Polypyridine tract-binding protein-associated splicing factor
SLC4/6	Sodium-coupled bicarbonate transporters
SMAD	Mothers against decapentaplegic
SNAT2	Sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2
SOS	Son of sevenless
SPRY2	Sprouty 2
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
TAK1	Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1
TAM	Tumor-associated macrophage
TCA	Tricarboxylic acid
TGFα/β	Transforming growth factor alpha/beta
TICs	Tumor-initiating cells
TIMPs	Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases
TME	Tumor microenvironment
TNBC	Triple-negative breast cancer
TNC	Tenascin-C
TNFα	Tumor necrosis factor alpha
TP53	Cellular tumor antigen p53
TRAF6	TNF receptor-associated factor 6
TWIST1	Twist-related protein 1
TβR1/2	TGF-β type receptor 1/2
uPA	Urokinase plasminogen activator
V-ATPase	Vacuolar-type H+-adenosine triphosphatases
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VEGFR	Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor
VHL	Von Hippel–Lindau tumor suppressor
WASP	Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome protein
ZEB1/2	Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1/2
ZIC1	Zinc finger protein ZIC1