Table 3.
Hr-HPV E6/E7-mediated regulation of some of the main histone modifiers responsible for the deposition or removal of acetylated residues.
| Histone Modifier |
Function | Histone Target | hr-HPV Mediated Deregulation |
Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| p300/CBP | Acetyltransferase | All four histone cores, p53, pRb and other non-histone targets | Both E6 and E7 interact with p300/CBP affecting its activity | [63,64,65] |
| PCAF/KAT2B | Acetyltransferase | H3 and H4 histones and non-histone targets | E7 interaction inhibits PCAF/KAT2B acetyltransferase activity |
[66] |
| TIP60/KAT5 | Acetyltransferase | H4 and H2A and non-histone targets | Destabilized by E6 | [67,68] |
| GCN5/KAT2A | Acetyltransferase | H3, H4 and non-histone targets | Upregulated by E7 | [69,70] |
|
HDAC1–
HDAC2 |
Deacetylase | Pan-Ac | E7 indirectly interact with HDAC1 and HDAC2, modulating their activity | [28,71,72] |
| Sirt1 | Deacetylase | H1, H2A, H3, H4 and non-histone targets as p53 and FOXO proteins | Upregulated by E7 | [73,74,75] |