Figure 1.

Bladder cancer cells enter into low-cycling state in acidic culture. (A) EJ and UMUC3 cells were cultured in acid medium for 3, 5, and 7 days, DNA replication was detected by EdU incorporation and observed under fluorescence microscope (100×). (B) Cells were cultured in an acid medium for 5 days, cell cycle distribution was detected by flow cytometry, and (C) E2F1, CDC6, and MCM7 protein levels were evaluated by western blot. β-actin was used as an internal control. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 3), * p < 0.05 vs. the control group.