Induction and modulation of host autophagy by SeCoV infection. Schematic diagram showing the organism’s signaling pathways in autophagy and the regulatory mechanisms utilized during SeCoV infection. The viral or viral components involved in the modulation of autophagy are shown in bold blue in the figure. Abbreviations: ULK1/2, Unc-51-like autophagy-activating kinase1/2; ATG, autophagy-related gene; PIP3, phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate; TSC2, tuberous sclerosis complex 2; p70S6K, ribosomal S6 protein kinase; p53, tumor protein 53; VPS34, vesicular protein sorting 34; DJ-1, deglycase 1; BECN1 (beclin1), coiled-coil myosin-like Bcl2-interacting protein; and BST2, bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2.