Table 3.
Comparison of complications, mortality, and readmissions between pre-COVID and COVID period by Major Diagnostic Categories (MDC). CI: confidence interval. RR: risk ratio. * p value < 0.05. ** Others category includes MDC with <100 episodes.
| Complications | In-Hospital Mortality | Readmissions | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MDC | Pre-COVID-19 Period N (%) |
COVID-19 Period N (%) |
RR (95% CI) | Pre-COVID-19 Period N (%) |
COVID-19 Period N (%) |
RR (95% CI) | Pre-COVID-19 Period N (%) |
COVID-19 Period N (%) |
RR (95% CI) |
| Total | 600 (1.84%) | 265 (2.23%) | 1.21 (1.05;1.40) * | 1337 (4.10%) | 529 (4.45%) | 1.09 (0.98;1.20) | 1371 (4.21%) | 381 (3.21%) | 0.76 (0.68;0.85) * |
| Diseases and disorders of the respiratory system | 58 (0.99%) | 12 (0.67%) | 0.67 (0.36;1.25) | 384 (6.58%) | 115 (6.42%) | 0.98 (0.80;1.19) | 517 (8.85%) | 104 (5.81%) | 0.66 (0.53;0.80) * |
| Diseases and disorders of the circulatory system | 83 (1.49%) | 45 (2.11%) | 1.42 (0.99;2.04) | 237 (4.25%) | 79 (3.71%) | 0.87 (0.68;1.12) | 255 (4.57%) | 79 (3.71%) | 0.81 (0.63;1.04) |
| Diseases and disorders of the digestive system | 119 (3.02%) | 56 (3.91%) | 1.30 (0.95;1.77) | 116 (2.94%) | 61 (4.26%) | 1.45 (1.07;1.96) * | 152 (3.85%) | 27 (1.89%) | 0.49 (0.33;0.73) * |
| Diseases and disorders of the nervous system | 80 (3.49%) | 39 (4.10%) | 1.17 (0.81;1.71) | 163 (7.11%) | 74 (7.77%) | 1.09 (0.84;1.42) | 38 (1.66%) | 11 (1.16%) | 0.70 (0.36;1.36) |
| Diseases and disorders of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue | 60 (2.33%) | 33 (3.86%) | 1.66 (1.09;2.51) * | 61 (2.37%) | 28 (3.28%) | 1.38 (0.89;2.15) | 29 (1.13%) | 16 (1.87%) | 1.66 (0.91;3.04) |
| Kidney and urinary tract diseases and disorders | 70 (2.72%) | 18 (1.90%) | 0.70 (0.42;1.17) | 48 (1.86%) | 31 (3.28%) | 1.76 (1.13;2.74) * | 107 (4.16%) | 37 (3.91%) | 0.94 (0.65;1.36) |
| Mental illnesses or disorders | 1 (0.04%) | 3 (0.33%) | 7.35 (0.77;70.56) | 4 (0.18%) | 4 (0.44%) | 2.45 (0.61;9.77) | 11 (0.49%) | 3 (0.33%) | 0.67 (0.19;2.39) |
| Diseases and disorders of the hepatobiliary system and pancreas | 29 (1.52%) | 18 (2.38%) | 1.57 (0.88;2.80) | 85 (4.46%) | 25 (3.31%) | 0.74 (0.48;1.15) | 98 (5.14%) | 39 (5.17%) | 1.00 (0.70;1.44) |
| Infectious and parasitic diseases (systemic or unspecified involvement) | 25 (2.41%) | 15 (4.35%) | 1.80 (0.96;3.38) | 92 (8.87%) | 51 (14.78%) | 1.67 (1.21;2.29) * | 44 (4.24%) | 24 (6.96%) | 1.64 (1.01;2.66) * |
| Skin, subcutaneous tissue, and breast diseases and disorders | 4 (0.50%) | 4 (1.58%) | 3.17 (0.8;12.58) | 13 (1.62%) | 10 (3.95%) | 2.44 (1.08;5.49) * | 28 (3.49%) | 8 (3.16%) | 0.91 (0.42;1.96) |
| Diseases and disorders of the blood, the haematopoietic system, and the immune system | 6 (1.16%) | 2 (0.78%) | 0.68 (0.14;3.32) | 6 (1.16%) | 0 (0.00%) | - | 11 (2.13%) | 4 (1.57%) | 0.74 (0.24;2.29) |
| Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases and disorders | 4 (0.82%) | 3 (1.29%) | 1.57 (0.36;6.98) | 7 (1.43%) | 7 (3.00%) | 2.10 (0.74;5.91) | 15 (3.07%) | 7 (3.00%) | 0.98 (0.40;2.37) |
| Diseases and disorders of the ear, nose, mouth, and throat | 5 (0.99%) | 1 (0.71%) | 0.71 (0.08;6.06) | 13 (2.58%) | 5 (3.55%) | 1.37 (0.50;3.78) | 17 (3.38%) | 1 (0.71%) | 0.21 (0.03;1.56) |
| Alcohol/drug use and alcohol/drug-induced organic mental disorders | 1 (0.24%) | 0 (0.00%) | - | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | - | 1 (0.24%) | 2 (1.48%) | 6.09 (0.56;66.62) |
| Injuries, poisonings, and toxic effects of drugs | 2 (0.47%) | 3 (1.66%) | 3.51 (0.59;20.85) | 9 (2.12%) | 6 (3.31%) | 1.56 (0.56;4.32) | 13 (3.07%) | 5 (2.76%) | 0.90 (0.33;2.49) |
| Diseases and disorders of the male reproductive system | 5 (1.54%) | 1 (0.63%) | 0.41 (0.05;3.46) | 8 (2.47%) | 4 (2.52%) | 1.02 (0.31;3.33) | 16 (4.94%) | 6 (3.77%) | 0.76 (0.30;1.92) |
| Myeloproliferative diseases and disorders and poorly differentiated neoplasms | 10 (3.27%) | 2 (1.85%) | 0.57 (0.13;2.55) | 34 (11.11%) | 17 (15.74%) | 1.42 (0.83;2.43) | 0 (0.00%) | 0 (0.00%) | - |
| Factors influencing health status and other contacts with health services | 3 (1.12%) | 0 (0.00%) | - | 8 (2.97%) | 1 (0.93%) | 0.31 (0.04;2.48) | 4 (1.49%) | 4 (3.74%) | 2.51 (0.64;9.87) |
| Others ** | 35 (6.06%) | 10 (5.26%) | 0.87 (0.44;1.72) | 49 (8.48%) | 11 (5.79%) | 0.68 (0.36;1.29) | 15 (2.6%) | 4 (2.11%) | 0.81 (0.27;2.41) |