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Molecular mechanism of JA-GA-phyB crosstalk that governs growth and defense. When defense cues are generated, JA dominates the defense response and regulates the growth-defense balance together with GA/phyB. GA and phyB jointly inhibit plant growth under shade conditions, while JA and GA antagonize and regulate the plant growth response under growth status. Arrows: activations; bar-headed arrows: repressions; lines: interactions.
