Table 2.
Rate of permanent visual loss associated with GCA before and during the corticosteroid therapy era.
| First Author, Year of Publication [Ref] * | Study Population | Patients with any Degree of Permanent Vision Loss in at Least One Eye | Patients with Complete Blindness in at Least One Eye | Total Number of Completely Blind Eyes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Bilateral | Total | Bilateral | |||
| N | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
| Bruce, 1949 [9] | 84 | 34 (40) | NA | 22 (26) | 13 (15) | 35 (21) |
| Birkhead, 1957 [14] | † 55 | 21 (38) | 7 (13) | 13 (24) | 5 (9) | 18 (16) |
| ‡ 53 | 23 (43) | 16 (30) | 15 (28) | 9 (17) | 24 (23) | |
| ϕ 250 | 121 (48) | 92 (37) | 67 (27) | 54 (22) | 121 (24) | |
| Parsons-Smith, 1959 [32] | 50 | 23 (46) | NA | NA | NA | 33 (33) |
| Aiello, 1993 [19] | 245 | 34 (14) | 8 (3) | 12 (5) | 1 (0.4) | 14 (6) |
| Gonzalez-Gay, 2000 [21] | 161 | 24 (15) | 8 (5) | NA | NA | NA |
| Liozon, 2001 [29] | 174 | 23 (13) | NA | NA | 3 (14) | NA |
| Nesher, 2004 [30] | 166 | 32 (19) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Salvarini, 2016 [22] | 136 | 26 (19) | 7 (5) | NA | NA | NA |
| Chen, 2016 [35] | 245 | 20 (8) | 6 (2) | 4 (2) | 2 (1) | 6 (2) |
| Saleh, 2016 [36] | 840 | 85 (10) | 13 (2) | 18 (2) | 2 (2) | 20 (2) |
* Studies published in 1949, 1957, and 1959 include patients seen before the era of corticosteroid therapy. In Birkhead paper: † All these patients received corticosteroid therapy after their ocular event, ‡ None of these patients received corticosteroid therapy, ϕ From literature review made by the authors: few patients received corticosteroid therapy. NA: not available.