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. 2022 Mar 24;27(7):2079. doi: 10.3390/molecules27072079

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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In vitro activities of various kinases and phosphatases involved in tau phosphorylation and dephosphorylation under the effects of theasaponin E1, quantified by ELISA. Percent activity for each enzyme was measured. (a) Changes in GSK3beta activity before and after treatment with saponins. (b) Changes of CDK5 activity by theasaponin E1. (c) Effect of theasaponin E1 on CAMII activity. (d) Effect of theasaponin E1 on JNK activity. (e) Effects of theasaponin E1 on ERK activities. (f) Effects of theasaponin E1 on PP1 activities. (g) Effects of theasaponin E1 on PP2B activities. Data are the values of mean ± SEM and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (n = 3) (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01).