Table 1.

The gas detection ability and detection mechanisms of various LMOF-based sensors.

Analyte	MOF	Detection Limit	Water Stability	Detection Mechanism	Ref
CO2	[Zn7(ip)12](OH)2	-	High	QD	[27]
	UiO-66-ONa	3.5 × 10−7 M	High	QD	[28]
H2S	UiO-66@NH2	118 μM	High	Target-mediated azide to amine reduction	[37]
	UiO-66@NO2	188 μM	High	Target-mediated nitro group to amine reduction	[38]
	Zn-MOF	28.3 μM	High	Target-mediated nitro group to amine reduction	[39]
	Azide functionalized Ce-MOFs Nitro functionalized Ce-MOFs	12.2 μM 34.8 μM	High	Target-mediated azide/nitro groups to amine reduction	[40]
	Al(OH)(IPA-N3)	2.65 μM	High	Target-mediated N3 to amine reduction	[41]
	Zr6O4(OH)4((NDC-(NO2)2)6	20 μM	High	Target-mediated nitro group to amine reduction	[42]
	Al(OH)(BDC-N3)	90.47 nM	High	Target-mediated N3 to amine reduction	[43]
	Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC- (NO2)2)6	14.14 μM	High	Target-mediated nitro group to amine reduction	[44]
	Eu3+/Cu2+@UiO-66- (COOH)2	-	High	Quench the broad LC emission through its superior affinity for Cu2+ ions	[47]
	Eu3+/Ag+@UiO-66- (COOH)2	23.53 μM	High	-	[48]
	UiO-66-MA	3.3 nM	High	Michael addition to H2S	[49]
SO2	MOF-5-NH2	0.168 ppm	High	-	[52]
NO	Cu-TCA Eu-TCA	0.1 mM 140 μM	High	Cu2+ ions quench the ligand-based fluorescence Formation of coordination bonds between the europium and NO	[58]
	UiO-66@NH2	0.575 μM	High	-	[59]
NO2	{[Tb2(NBDC)3(DMF)4]·2DMF} {[Eu2(NBDC)3(DMF)4]·2DMF}	1.8 ppm 2.2 ppm	High	QD	[61]
	Fe2IIIMII, M = Co, Mn, and Zn	500 ppb	High	QD	[62]
NH3	Mg(H2DHBDC) Zn2(TCPE)	-	High	FRET	[66]
	Eu3-functionalization MOF	2.4 ppm	High	PET	[67]
	(Zn2(bpdc)2(bpee)	50 ppm	High	FRET	[68]