Table 3.

The hazardous organic pollutant detection ability and detection mechanisms of various LMOF-based sensors.

Entries	Category	MOF	Sensing Target	Detection Limit	Detection Mechanism	Ref
Entry 1	Antibiotics	Zr(IV)-MOF	NZF TNP	58 ppb 90 ppb	PET FRET	[101]
		[Cd2Na(L)(BDC)2.5]·9H2O [Cd2(L)(2,6-NDC)2]·DMF·5H2O [Cd2(L)(BPDC)2]·DMF·9H2O	NZF	162 ppb 75 ppb 60 ppb	PET FRET	[102]
		Cd-based LMOF	NFZ NFT	0.20µM 0.26 µM	PET	[103]
		[Cd(opda)(mbib)(H2O)] [Cd(opda)(pbib)(H2O)] [Cd(ppda)(mbib)] [Zn2(mpda)2(mbib)2]·2H2O	CEF TEC	0.278 μM for CEF; 0.384 μM for TEC 0.379 μM for CEF; 0.0.189 μM for TEC 0.52 μM for CEF; 0.421 μM for TEC 0.171 μM for CEF; 0.137 μM for TEC	PET FRET	[104]
		{[Cd3(L)2(bbi)2(H2O)2]·2H2O}	NZF	1.83 ppM	FRET	[105]
		{[Zn2(bcob)(OH)(H2O)]· DMA}n (ROD-Zn1) {[Zn(Hbcob)]·(solvent)}n (ROD-Zn2)	TC	0.11 μmol 0.12 μmol	PET FRET	[107]
		Eu3+ and Tb3+ co-doped LMOFs	Minocycline Norfloxacin	1.23 μM 0.06 μM	FRET PET	[109]
		Zr-based MOF (PCN-128Y)	TC	30 nM	FRET PET	[111]
		Al-MOF@Mo/Zn-MOF	DOX TET OTC CTC	0.56 nM 0.53 nM 0.58 nM 0.86 nM	FRET PET	[112]
		[Zn3(μ3-OH)(HL)L(H2O)3]· H2O	Sulfonamide	-	PET	[113]
		In(III)-MOFs	Norfloxacin Enrofloxacin Ciprofloxacin	56.7 ppb 79.0 ppb 72.9 ppb	FRET PET	[114]
Entry 2	Pesticides	MOF-5	Nitro-OPs	5 ppb	-	[117]
		Eu3+@1	p-nitrophenol 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol	0.36 μg mL−1 0.41 μg mL−1	Competitive absorption	[118]
		Zr-based MOF	Malathion	4.9 × 10−15 M	-	[119]
		AuNCs@ZIF-8	OPs	0.3 μg/L	-	[120]
		Mn/Fe-MIL(53)	Methyl parathion Chlorpyrifos	2.8 nM 0.95 nM	-	[121]
		[Cd(NH2-bdc)(azp)]·DMF	Glyphosate	25 nM	Structural collapse of LMOFs	[122]
		[Tb(L)2NO3]n	Glyphosate	0.0144 μM	PET	[123]
		[Zn2(cptpy)(btc)(H2O)]n	Paraquat	9.73 × 10−6 mol/L	FRET	[124]
		NU-901 NU-901-sbdc	Paraquat	2.0 nM 3.3 nM	PET	[126]
		E@D1 E@D3	Nitenpyram	0.94 μM 1.18 μM	PET	[127]
Entry 3	Nitro- Explosives	[Zn2(oba)2(bpy)]·3DMA	Nitrobenzene	-	PET FRET	[132]
		[Cd(NDC)0.5(PCA)]-Gx	TNP	3.5 × 104 M−1	PET FRET	[133]
		M-TABD-MOFs	NTO	4 × 10−8 mol/L	Structural collapse of LMOFs	[135]
Entry 4	Hazardous solvents	[Mn6(L1)2(H2O)5]n	Acetophenone	-	QD	[139]
		{[Cd2(μ7-L)(μ3-OH)(H2O)2]·1.3H2O}n	Aacetylacetone	35 μM	QD	[140]
		ZrIV-based UiO-66	Aacetylacetone	1.23 ppm	Object exchange PET	[141]
		Mg-NDI	Organic amine	-	PET	[145]
		Zr-BTDB fcu-MOF	Methylamine	66 nM	-	[146]